Intro to Biology Quiz 1

What are the seven properties of life?

• Order

• Reproduction

• Growth and development

• Energy processing

• Response to the environment

• Homeostasis

• Evolution

What are the stages of the Earth’s evolution in order?

• Black

• Gray

• Blue

• Red

• White

• Green

What was the black stage of the Earth’s formation

Earth was hot molten rock. Nothing survived

What was the gray stage of the Earth’s formation

Granite became the foundation of continents

What was the blue stage of the Earth’s formation

Earth cooled for liquid water

What was the red stage of the Earth’s formation

Microbes conducted photosynthesis, creating oxygen.

What was the white stage of the Earth’s formation

Earth plunged into a deep freeze. Volcanoes caused CO2 levels to rise, maintaining heat, perpetuating life.

What was the green stage of the Earth’s formation

Diversity of life exploded due to rise in oxygen

What did Stanley Miller’s experiment find?

organic compounds and amino acids

What are the four types of organic compounds

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

Why was RNA the original self replicating molecule?

Only RNA can initiate DNA replication

What is a lipid bilayer

Natural enclosure made of phospholipids. Forms spontaneously in the presence of water

What are protocells?

Lipid bilayer enclosures capable of self replication

What is an emergent property?

An emergent property is a property that emerges from a combination of two parts that does not exist within the parts

What does Dawkin’s “Selfish Gene” say

Life aims to avoid the second law of thermodynamics

What appeared on Earth in the Hadeon Era 4 BYA

Protocells

What appeared on Earth 3.8 BYA

Prokaryotes

What appeared on Earth 3.7 BYA

Archaea

What appeared on Earth 3.2 BYA

Anaerobic bacterial photosynthesis

What appeared on Earth 2.7 BYA

Eukaryotes

What are Ediacaran Fauna

First ancient complex organisms

What went extinct 540 MYA

Ediacaran Fauna

What was the Cambrian Explosion

Explosive diversification of complex organisms

Why do scientists believe the Cambrian Explosion happened?

High oxygen concentration levels allowed more complex organisms to evolve