UNIT 3 Vocab

Marbury v Madison

In the first legal case in 1803 at Marshall Court, the Supreme Court could decide if the actions of the legislature and executive government were constitutional. This is a judicial review

Gibbons v Odgen

The last case in 1824 at Marshall Court, it said that congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce. which means that congress would oversee goods being traded and transported in a state

McCulloch v Madison

The second case in 1819 at Marshall Court, stated that not all powers had to be written in the constitution to be legal. This is the idea of implied powers

Louisiana Purchase

Thomas Jefferson during his presidency made the purchase in 1803 for 15 mil from france. this doubled the size. of the US (western half of the Mississippi RiverU.S. originally interested in buying New Orleans, but France offered the whole thing. Kind of a strong central gov’t move for a Democratic-Republican

Trail of Tears

in the 1830s the congress passed the indian removal act which forcibly pushed out american indians from their homes. they were soon located to an area of land known as the indian territory in oklahoma.

Judicial Review

power of the courts of a country to examine the actions of the legislative, executive, and administrative arms of the government and to determine whether such actions are consistent with the constitution. Actions judged inconsistent are declared unconstitutional

Federalist Party

Led by John Adams and Alexander Hamilton. They believed the nation needed a strong federal government and thought a commercial economy based on manufacturing and trade. was mainly supported by bankers and businessmen

Democratic Republican Party

Led by Thomas Jefferson. They believed the national government should be less powerful and that most powers should be left to the states and the people. Thought agricultural economy was best for the nation and jefferson thought they would be more successful with a ‘nation full of small farmers”. supported by mostly farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers in the south

Election of 1800

This was the first election with two parties (federalist John adams vs democratic republican thomas jefferson) this election was so close that it had to be decided by the house of reps. Jefferson won this election and the power was peacefully transferred from one party to another

Lewis and Clark Expedition

In May of 1804 Lewis and Clark explored the new Louisiana territory. They mapped the territory and provided valuable information about the land and the wildlife with the help of Sacajawea

Monroe Doctrine

A new vision for foreign policy under the presidency of James Monroe in 1823. 1) europeans could no longer colonize territory of the western hemisphere (southern/northern America. 2) American and European nations were different because nations in the Americas had elected government and nations in Europe had monarchies. 3) the US would view any europena involvement in the western hemisphere as a threat that could lead to war. 4) the US would stay out of europes affairs. Influenced the United states for many years as a more isolationist nation.

Mexican War

1846-1848 USA vs Mexico because of the dispute over the united states annexation of Texas in 1845. Mexico did not recognize Texas as legitimate American territory and Texas admission to the United States antagonized Mexican officials and citizens.

John Marshall

Chief Justice and was a virginian who used the decisions of the court to make the judicial branch equal to the power legislative and executive branches of government. Some of his famous cases were Marbury vs Madison, Gibbons vs Odgen, McCulloch v Maryland

Alexander Hamilton

He led the federalist party with john adams and wanted a strong powerful government. was a founding father of the United States, who fought in the American Revolutionary War, helped draft the Constitution, and served as the first secretary of the treasury. He was the founder and chief architect of the American financial system. born in 1757-1804

Eli Whitney

He was the inventor of the cotton gin and lived from 1755-1835. he was the father of mass production method and figured how to manufacture muskets by machine so that parts were interchangeable.

Manifest Destiny

The belief that the United states had the divine right to expand westward and all exploration and expansion was god ordained.