Motor Control - Postural Control: Introduction

Postural control definition?

controlling body's position in space for dual purposed of stability and orientation

what does postural control emerge from?

the interaction of the individual with task and environment, and a complex interaction of MSK and neural systems

what is postural control a critical component of?

independence in functional tasks like sitting, standing, and walking

What is postal orientation?

ability to maintain relationship between body segments and between body and environment for a task

where does COM typically sit?

around S2

What is postural stability?

ability to control COM in relationship to BOS

What is COM?

point at center of total body mass

What is COG?

vertical projection of COM

What is BOS?

area of body in contact with support surface

what is COP?

center of distribution of total force applied to supporting surfaces

what is the relationship between COM and COP?

COM is the center of the total body mass where there COP is continuously moving around the COM

what does the relationship between COM and COP tell you?

provides the most insight about stability compared to COM or COP alone

does an anterior or posterior pelvic tilt require more postural control?

anterior

where is the COP on a figure skater?

on the blade

what do all tasks require?

postural control

what are the two tasks of postural control?

stability and orientation

How do we remain "stable"?

keep the COM over the BOS

what is the limit of stability (LOS)?

boundaries of space in which body can maintain control without changing BOS

what affects your LOS?

ROM, strength, sensory input (vision/proprioception), cognitive factors (fear of falling), and environmental factors (surface or dual task)

how much sway is normal in posterior direction?

4°

how much sway is normal in a anterior direction?

8-12°

how much sway is normal in the lateral direction?

8°

what factors affect one's LOS?

perception, velocity, strength, height (there are more; this is just what we talked about in class)

what are the type of balance control?

steady state, reactive, and proactive balance

what is feedback control?

occurs in response to sensory feedback from external perturbations

what type of balance relies on feedback control?

reactive balance

what is feedforward control?

anticipatory postural adjustments made in anticipation of voluntary movement

What type of balance relies on feedforward control?

proactive balance