3.4 Ideal Gas Law

The macroscopic properties of ideal gases are related through the:

Ideal gas law

The ideal gas law relates the:

Macroscopic properties of ideal gases

In a sample containing a mixture of ideal gases, the pressure exerted by each component (the partial pressure) is dependent/independent of the other components

Independent

The total pressure of the sample is the:

Sum of the partial pressures

Why is the total pressure of the sample the sum of the partial pressures?

Because the pressure exerted by each component (the partial pressure) is independent of the other components

Graphical representations of the relationships between P, V, T, and n are useful to:

Describe gas behavior

______ are useful to describe gas behavior

Graphical representations of the relationships between P, V, T, and n

Gas particles are in ______ motion

Constant, random, rapid

How do gases fill their container?

Completely

How do gases fill their container completely?

By expanding

Two or more gases will form a ______ when they are combined together

Homogeneous mixture

______ will form a homogeneous mixture when they are combined together

Two or more gases

Two or more gases will form a homogeneous mixture when they are:

Combined together

Are gases compressible?

Yes

Is the volume of the gas particles themselves negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas?

Yes

The volume of the gas particles themselves is negliglble compared to the:

Volume occupied by the gas

Collisions of gas particles are perfectly elastic/inelastic

Elastic

What does it mean to say that collisions of gas particles are perfectly elastic?

Energy is transferred but not lost during collisions

Are there attractive or repulsive forces between gas particles?

No

On the Ideal Gas Law, variables on the same side are directly/inversely proportional to each other

Inversely

On the Ideal Gas Law, variables on different sides are directly/inversely proportional to each other

Directly

How is the equation of directly proportional variables written?

X1/Y1=X2/Y2

How is the equation of inversely proportional variables written?

X1Y1=X2Y2

In the laboratory, water displacement can be used to:

Collect a sample of gas

In the laboratory, ______ can be used to collect a sample of gas

Water displacement

Water displacement is appropriate to collect a gas that:

Does not react with water or dissolve (very much) in water

List the steps of water displacement to collect gas:

1. Fill up a gas collection bottle with water

2. Invert it in a container of water

3. Once the gas has been collected, raise or lower the bottle so that the water level inside the bottle is the same as the water level outside the bottle

When doing water displacement to collect gas, why is it important to make the water level inside the bottle equal to the water level outside the bottle?

To ensure that the gas pressure inside the bottle is equal to the atmospheric pressure outside the bottle

When doing water displacement to collect gas, the total pressure inside the collection bottle is equal to:

The sum of the partial pressure of the gas collected and the vapor pressure of the water

Values for the vapor pressure of water at various temperatures can be found in a:

Reference table

When performing water displacement to collect gas, we can use a reference table to find the values for:

Vapor pressure of water at various temperatures

Gas

Gas delivery tube

Water

Gas collection bottle