Skeleton Framework

nasal

facial bone, L. nose, bony bridge of nose

zygomatic

facial bone, G. yoke, lateral “cheek” bone

maxilla

facial bone, L. jaw, upper jaw, contributes to anterior portion of hard palate

mandible

facial bone, L. to chew, lower jaw

vomer

facial bone, L. plough, contributes to medial wall of nasal cavity — bottom 1/2

inferior nasal concha

facial bone, L. shell, contributes to lateral wall of nasal cavity — bottom 1/3

lacrimal

facial bone, L. tear, contributes to medial wall of orbital cavity

palatine

facial bone, L. roof of mouth, contributes to posterior portion of hard palate

frontal

cranial bone, L. front, forehead

parietal

cranial bone, L. wall

occipital

cranial bone, L. back of head

temporal

cranial bone, L. temple

ethmoid

cranial bone, Gk. sieve, contributes to medial wall of nasal cavity (upper 1/2), lateral wall of nasal cavity (upper 2/3), and includes passageways for olfactory nerve

sphenoid

cranial bone, Gk. wedge, said to resemble a “flying bat”, has 4 landmarks (lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, hamulus, and pterygomandibular ligament)

lateral pterygoid

landmark of sphenoid, Gk. wing-like, paired vertical bony projections (most lateral)

medial pterygoid

landmark of sphenoid, Gk. wing-like, paired vertical bony projections (most medial)

hamulus

landmark of sphenoid, L. hook, hook-like projection of medial pterygoid

pterygomandibular ligament

landmark of sphenoid, extends from hamulus to mandible