Pediatric History and Physical Examination

These flashcards cover critical concepts and details related to pediatric history taking and physical examination, providing a comprehensive tool for exam preparation.

History taking is the foundation of __.

diagnosis

The main part of pediatric examination should focus on __.

history

When taking a history, information often comes from someone other than the __.

patient

In pediatric history taking, it's important to ask about __ and environment risks.

family

If a child is __, it is acceptable to ask them direct questions.

6–7 years old

A good history can lead to a diagnosis in approximately __ of cases.

80%

Accurate data must be __, clear, chronological, and detailed.

accurate

The first step in pediatric history taking is to identify the __.

Chief Complaint (CC)

The history of present illness (HPI) should include the patient's __ and symptoms.

signs

When assessing a child, always verify information from parents as it might be __.

biased

For chronic illnesses, state the date and __ of onset.

age

Maternal history is particularly important for __ and relevant cases.

neonates

A PGAR score is assessed immediately after __.

birth

Immunization history should always include the __ of vaccines given.

age at administration

In order to establish rapport, it is important to introduce yourself and pronounce the patient's __ correctly.

full name

An effective chief complaint is typically __ words in length.

1–2

Breastfeeding frequency should be assessed in terms of __ per day.

sessions

The APGAR score evaluates a neonate's health at __ intervals.

1 and 5 minutes

A baby's birth weight helps predict __ health outcomes.

neonatal

The review of systems (ROS) should cover all body systems and can reveal __ problems.

related

Language development in children can be categorized into expressive and __ skills.

receptive

Nutritional history should compute Actual Caloric Intake and compare with __.

RENI

Interview techniques for adolescents involve using the __ framework.

HEADSSS

It is essential to ask about untoward __ to vaccines in the immunization history.

reactions

Personal history includes details about the patient's __ and social circumstances.

living conditions

Identification of high-risk factors includes maternal health during __.

pregnancy

Physical examination involves inspecting the general __, hygiene, and body habitus.

appearance

In pediatrics, the reliability of informants can be rated as poor, fair, or __.

good

Checking for cyanosis and jaundice falls under the examination of __ during a physical exam.

skin

The Tanner staging method is used to assess __ maturity in children.

sexual

A normal skin finding would be warm, dry, and displaying __ turgor.

elastic

The primary assessment of a child's vital signs involves observing their __ pattern.

breathing

The term for decreased urinary output in children could be __.

enuresis

For nutritional assessment, you may ask about food __ to understand preferences.

intolerance

In the ROS, gastrointestinal issues include appetite changes, vomiting, and __.

diarrhea

If a child reports headaches, you should investigate __ and associated symptoms.

location

During physical exams, always assess the patient's __ to establish a baseline.

general survey

The developmental domains assessed in younger children include gross motor, fine motor, and __ skills.

language

For normal neonate transitions, assess duration of __ stay in the nursery after birth.

hospital

Miscommunication in pediatric history often arises from __ interpretation by caregivers.

biased

During the assessment, pay attention to the child's __ as it can indicate distress.

behavior

Immunization histories should document which _ were administered and when.

vaccines

The assessment in childhood & adolescence typically spans ages __ to 20 years old.

2

During abdominal examination, assess for tenderness and __ of organs.

enlargement

A good rapport with guardians during a consultation sets a __ first impression.

positive

Listen for breath sounds __ during the respiratory examination.

auscultation

Key systems examined during the physical assessment include general, respiratory, and __ systems.

neurological

Pediatric history taking requires flexibility, especially in __ or acute visits.

emergency

The condition of the bedside manner of the examiner can affect how __ the child is during the examination.

open

A vital sign measurement includes assessment of heart rate and blood __.

pressure

HPI should start with the __ and symptoms of the patient.

chief complaint

Child growth patterns and nutritional needs differ significantly in __ versus infancy.

childhood