BIOS-10169-02 Biology I: Big Questions Mod 1 Lecture 1

These flashcards cover key concepts from Lecture 1 on genetics, inheritance patterns, and the role of genomics in health.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein.

What is a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)?

A variation in a single base pair in DNA, which contributes to genetic diversity.

What type of organism is Plasmodium falciparum?

A unicellular parasite that causes malaria.

What does Mendelian inheritance refer to?

Patterns of inheritance where traits are determined by a single gene with dominant and recessive alleles.

Why is studying malaria important for understanding inheritance?

It provides a clear system to observe how genetic variants affect traits, such as drug resistance.

What process describes how genes can regulate other genes?

Regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs and stretches of DNA.

What is the importance of model organisms in biology?

They help us understand human biology due to conserved protein structures and functions.

How much of human genomes are identical between individuals?

About 99.9% of the genomes are identical among individuals.

What is the significance of the ~0.1% genetic variation?

It contributes to individual uniqueness and can influence traits and drug responses.

What are the objectives of the course assessments?

To reinforce key ideas, assess understanding, and practice science communication.