Lecture Notes Flashcards

Flashcards about Laws of Motion, Balancing Equations, Compounds, Mixtures, Energy, and Climate Change

Second Law of Motion

The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object; force = mass x acceleration.

Third Law of Motion

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Law of Universal Gravitation

Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Gravity

The force that attracts a body towards the center of the Earth or towards any other physical body having mass.

Friction

A force between two surfaces that are sliding, or trying to slide, across each other.

Chemical Equations

Chemical reactions represented using symbols and formulas.

Balancing Equations

Ensuring that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Balanced Chemical Equation

An equation where there should be equal numbers of every atom on both sides of the equation.

Isaac Newton

Famous scientist who developed the laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation.

First Law of Motion

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force; also known as the law of inertia.

Compounds

Substances made up of two or more different elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

Mixtures

Combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Chemical Properties

Describes how a substance interacts with other substances in a chemical reaction.

Physical Properties

Can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance.

Greenhouse Effect

A process that occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere trap the Sun's heat.

Renewable Energy

Resources that will naturally replenish themselves over time, like wind, solar, plants, trees, etc.

Non-Renewable Energy

Resources that will be gone forever once used, like coal, fuel, etc.

Elements

Pure substances made up of only one type of atom.

Climate Change

Refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.