***FINAL EXAM: Chapter 21 Cardiovascular System - The Heart単語カード | Quizlet

Right side gets oxygen-poor blood from body tissues

The blood is pumped to the lungs to pick up oxygen and to get rid of carbon dioxide

What kind of blood is received on the right side of heart?

Where does the blood get pumped to?

Left side gets oxygen-rich blood from the lungs

The blood is pumped to throughout entire body

What kind of blood is received on the left side of the heart?

Where does the blood get pumped to?

pulmonary circuit

blood vessels from the heart that carry blood to and from the lungs

systemic cicuit

blood vessels from the heart that transport blood to and from all body tissues

atria

receiving chambers of the heart; receive blood from the pulmonary and systemic circuits

ventricles

main pumping chambers of the heart; pump blood around both circuits

1. fibrous pericardium

2. serous pericardium (which has two layers - parietal layer and visceral layer)

What are the layers that make up the outer covering of the heart known as the pericardium?

serous fluid - reduces friction when the heart beats

What lies between the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium of the heart?

What use is this for?

epicardium (pericardium), myocardium, endocardium

What are the layers of the heart wall external to internal?

interatiral septum

Divides the RIGHT and LEFT ATRIA

interventricular septum

Divides the RIGHT and LEFT VENTRICLES

right atrium

forms the entire right border of the heart

receiving chamber for oxygen-POOR blood from the systemic circuit

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava

coronary sinus

What vessel openings are associated with the right atrium?

superior vena cava

vessel that takes blood from the upper body regions, superior to the diaphragm

inferior vena cava

vessel that takes blood from the lower body regions, inferior to the diapragm

coronary sinus

vessel from the heart wall

right auricle

small flap shaped like a dog's ear; projects to the left from the superior corner of the atrium

crista terminalis of right atrium

separates 2 regions in the right atrium and is an important landmark in locating the sites where veins enter the right atrium

fossa ovalis

depression in interatrial septum that marks the spot where an opening existed in the fetal heart, posterior to the end of the crista terminalis

tricuspid valve (right AV valve)

the right atrium opens into the right ventricle through this valve, inferiorly and anteriorly

right ventricle

This chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary trunk (forms pulmonary arteries)

right ventricle

forms most of the anterior surface of the heart

pulmonary (semilunar) valve

the right ventricle opens into the pulmonary trunk through this valve, superiorly

trabeculae carneae

irregular ridges of muscles of the ventricular walls

papillary muscles

Cone-like projections on the ventricular walls, to which the chordae tendineae are attached.

The contraction of the papillary muscles and the tightening of the chordae tendineae prevent the valve flaps of the AV valves from turning inside out into the atria.

chordae tendineae

strong bands, which project superiorly from the papillary muscles to the flaps (cusps) of the tricuspid valve (right AV valve)

left atrium

makes up most of the heart's posterior surface or base of the heart

left atrium

receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs through right and left pulmonary veins, via the pulmonary circuit

left auricle

the only visible part of the left atrium, anteriorly

walls are mostly smooth-surfaced with pectinate muscles lining the auricles only

Describe the internal feature of the L atrium

mitral valve, bicuspid valve, left atrioventricular valve

the left atrium opens into the left ventricle via what valve?

left ventricle

known as the systemic pump

dominated the heart's interior surface; forms the apex of the heart

pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circuit

trabeculae carneae

papillary muscles

chordae tendinae

cusps of mitral valve

What are the special features of the interior of the L ventricle?

aortic (semilunar) valve

The left ventricle opens into the stem artery of the systemic circulation via _______.

blood comes in through superior & inferior vena cava

right atrium

tricuspid valve

right ventricle

pulmonary semi lunar valve

pulmonary trunk

pulmonary arteries

What is the blood flow order through the pulmonary circuit? (DEOXYGENATED BLOOD)

blood comes back through the pulmonary veins

left atrium

bicuspid (mitral) valve

left ventricle

aortic semilunar valve

aorta

through the aorta branches

to entire body

What is the blood flow order through the systemic circuit? (OXYGENATED BLOOD)

enforces the ONE WAY flow of blood through heart

atria - ventricles - great arteries

What is the importance of heart valves?

2 cusps

How many cusps does the mitral valve have?

av valves

prevents backflow from ventricles into atria

semilunar valves

prevents backflow from great arteries into ventricles

lub

closing of AV valves

dub

closing of semilunar valves