Midterm Review Sheet

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the midterm review sheet, detailing distinctions between education and schooling, social institution characteristics, major educational theories, and influential historical and social factors in education.

What is the difference between education and schooling?

Education is informal and occurs throughout life, while schooling is a more organized form of education that takes place in schools.

What are the main focuses of sociology and philosophy of education?

Philosophy of education concerns how education ought to be organized and its goals, while sociology of education examines the actual nature, structure, and consequences of schools.

What characterizes social institutions, specifically schools?

Schools are institutions that involve structured roles, rules, and practices designed to regulate behavior and achieve educational tasks.

What is the Correspondence Principle in education?

The Correspondence Principle suggests that schools mimic the capitalist working structure, preparing students for economic roles based on their social class.

How do Bowles and Gintis view meritocracy in education?

They argue that outcomes are more influenced by class background than merit, and the system presents itself as fair while hiding structural biases.

What are the three pure types of schooling according to Collins?

1. Schooling for Practical Skills, 2. Schooling for Status Group Membership, 3. Bureaucratic Schooling.

What does the 'Banking Model' of education propose?

It suggests that teachers deposit knowledge into students, who become passive receivers of information rather than active learners.

What is the influence of industrialism on school subjects?

Industrialism led schools to emphasize math, science, and vocational training to prepare students for industrial jobs rather than just traditional education.

What is cultural transmission in the context of education?

Cultural transmission refers to the passing down of knowledge, values, and ways of thinking deemed important by educational authorities.

Why is teaching considered a difficult profession according to Dan Lortie?

Teaching is difficult due to uncertainties, diverse student needs, lack of feedback, high emotional demands, and reliance on personal judgment.

What are Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and their purpose?

PLCs are groups of educators who meet regularly to share lessons and improve teaching practices, reducing isolation and supporting professional growth.

What is the main contrast between traditional and progressive pedagogy?

Traditional pedagogy is teacher-centered and focuses on memorization and discipline, while progressive pedagogy is student-centered, emphasizing creativity and real-life experiences.