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used as a simple method to image calcium. May be used to check for metal before MRI
radiograph (x-ray)
on a radiograph, what is radiodense? what is radiolucent?
radiodense - bone, appears white
radiolucent - air, appears dark
when interpreting a radiograph, what structure do you look for?
pineal gland
x-ray of cerebral vessels with contrast
cerebral angiography
rotates an x-ray beam around the head. distinguishes tissue density
computed tomography (CT)
CT brain window vs bone window
bone window - good for imaging bone, bleeding. detailed skull, everything else gray.
brain window - good for imaging brain (except posterior fossa). more detailed (shades of gray) brain, less detailed but bright white skull.
magnetic field + radio wave pulse
MRI
MRI is great for imaging what structures
spinal cord and posterior fossa
bright skin, dark bone.
hyperintense brain, hypointense fluid
MRI T1
dark skin/bone
hyperintense CSF/blood, hypointense brain
MRI T2
dark skin/bone. hyperintense brain, hypointense fluid
MRI FLAIR
noninvasive angiography, can be done with or without contrast agent
MR angiography
gadolinium: radioactive or non-radioactive?
non-radioactive
detects blood flow or metabolism in any part of the brain. patient injected with radioactive glucose
PET scan
used to image a fetus’ brain
ultrasound
what imaging?
radiograph
what imaging?
cerebral angiography
what imaging?
CT - bone
what imaging?
CT - brain
what imaging?
MRI T1
what imaging?
MRI T2
what imaging?
MRI T1
what imaging?
MRI T2
what imaging?
MRI FLAIR
what imaging?
MR angiography
what imaging
MRI T1
what imaging?
MRI T2
what imaging?
MRI FLAIR
what imaging?
PET