Communication Sciences & Disorders

Unit 1, first slideshow posted / general terms

The components of communication

The components of communication

Language, Speech, Hearing

Communication can be both _____ and _______

Verbal, nonverbal

Variables that affect communication and its success or failure

Cultural identity, setting, participants

A socially shared system of arbitrary symbols used for communication

Language

In language, generative

Freshly created

In language, dynamic

Change over time

Language can be __ , ___ , or __

Oral, written, signed

The physical production of spoken language

• Mechanical

• All about productions

• Lips, throat, tongue, mouth, etc.

Speech

The process of perceiving sound, how you process and perceive sound

Hearing

• “The structure of sounds”

• Individual sounds that make up words

Phonology

• “The structure of words”

• The study of word structures / pieces of words

• A collection of rules for combining “pieces” to form words

Morphology

• “The structure of sentences”

• A collection of rules for combining words into phrases and sentences (word order; sentence structure)

Syntax

The form of language has to do with _______

Structure

If you have difficulties with phonology, morphology, and/or syntax, you have difficulties with the _____ of language

Form

• The study of the meaning in language

• Vocabulary is a part of semantics

Semantics

If you have difficulties with vocabulary and the meaning of words, you have difficulties with the _____ of language

Content

• The purpose of language; why we are communicating in the first place

• We don’t communicate in order to make sounds (phonology), to put appropriate prefixes or suffixes on words (morphology), to put words in a particular order (syntax) or to use certain vocabulary (semantics)

• There is a broader purpose to communication

Language - Use

The study of rules that govern language use in social situations, both spoken and written

Pragmatics

• Knowing when to take a turn in a conversation

• Maintaining a topic

• Rules for making eye contact

• Asking partners questions about themselves, rather than simply talking about yourself

Pragmatics Examples

The components of language

Form, Content, Use

The components of speech

Voice, articulation, fluency

• The sound source for speech

• Produced in the larynx, a structure in the neck

Voice

The movement of the speech mechanism to produce the sounds of speech

Articulation

Easy, smooth, flowing, and effortless speech

Fluency

The components of hearing

Acuity, central auditory processing

The ability to perceive sound

Acuity

• Normal hearing acuity

• Difficulty understanding speech

Central Auditory Processing Disorder

Cause of the problem

Etiology

Neurological or physiological cause

Organic

Does not have a known organic cause (how it is used)

Functional

Deteriorates over time

Progressive / Degenerative

Does not deteriorate over time

Non-progressive

Occurs before, during, or shortly after the time of birth

Congenital / Developmental

Occurs after a period of normal communication

Acquired