Pharma - Endocrine, Immunity, and Chemotherapy

Growth Hormone

Responsible for linear skeletal growth, the growth of internal organs, protein synthesis, and the stimulation of many other processes that are required for normal growth

Growth Hormone Antagonist

Inhibit GH release with less of an inhibitory effect on insulin release.

Opoids

Do not include __________ to Growth Hormone because it will be suppressed.

Vasopressin or ADH

Drugs with "-pressin" and it Produces antidiuretic activity in the kidneys, causing the cortical and medullary parts of the collecting duct to become permeable to water thereby increasing water reabsorption and decreasing urine formation thus reducing plasma osmolarity and increase blood volume.

Adrenocortical Agents

↑ Na reabsorption in renal tubules and ↑ K+ and hydrogen excretion, leading to water and Na retention.

Thyroid and Parathyroid Agents

↑ the metabolic rate of body tissues, ↑ O2 consumption, RR, HR, growth and maturation, and the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.

Antithyroid Agents

Prevent the formation of TH within the thyroid cells, lowering the serum levels of TH. Also inhibit the conversion of T4 to T3 at the cellular level. Mainly for HYPERTHYROIDISM

Iodine Solution

Inhibits the synthesis of TH and inhibits the release of these hormones into the circulation. Blocks thyroid immediately. For Hyperthyroidism too

Anti-Hypocalcemic Agent

A vitamin D compound that regulates the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the small intestine, mineral resorption in bone, and reabsorption of phosphate from the renal tubules, increasing the serum calcium level. For managing HYPOCALCEMIA

Anti-hypercalcemic Agent

Slow normal and abnormal bone resorption without inhibiting bone formation and mineralization. For the prevention of OSTEOPOROSIS.

-dronate

Anti-hypercalcemic agents or drugs

Insulin

Reduces blood sugar level by increasing glucose transport across muscle and fat cell. Promotes conversion of glucose to glycogen.

-lin

Insulin drugs

Sulfonylureas

Not fully known. Stimulate insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells and reduces glucose output by the liver. Increases peripheral sensitivity to insulin. For DM Type II

-ide

Sulfonylureas drugs - for Insulin release

Glucose Elevating Agents

Increase the blood glucose level by decreasing insulin release and accelerating the breakdown of glycogen in the liver to release glucose.

Innate Immunity

Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth. Responds to a broad range of pathogens.

Acquired Immunity

immunity that the body develops after it overcomes a disease, or through inoculation (such as vaccination). Highly specific

Natural Active Immunity

production of one's own antibodies or T cells as a result of infection or natural exposure to antigen

Artificial Active Immunity

Production of one's own antibodies or T cells as a result of vaccination against disease

Natural Passive Immunity

the immunity given to an infant mammal by the mother through the placenta and the colostrum.

Artificial Passive Immunity

immunity which results from the administration of antibodies from another animal against a dangerous pathogen.

Second Vaccination

Here, the immune response is larger and stronger compared to the First vaccination

Alkylating, Antineoplastic, or Anticancer Agents

Causes cell death or mutation of malignant growths through inhibition of protein synthesis by interfering with DNA replication by alkylation of DNA. Action most evident in rapidly dividing cells.

Prostaglandin Analog

Decreases Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP)by increasing the outflow of the aqueous humor. For Glaucome

-prost

drugs for Prostaglandin Analog

Cholinergic Agonist or Miotics

Activate cholinergic receptors in the eye producing miosis, constriction of the pupils and contraction of the ciliary muscle thus stretching the trabecular meshwork to allow greater outflow of aqueous humor and a lowering IOP

Barrier Defenses

prevents the entry of foreign pathogens and serves as important line of defense in protecting the body

Cellular Defenses

Any foreign pathogens that manages to get past the barrier defenses will encounter the human immune system, or mono - nuclear phagocyte system (MPS) which composed of the thymus gland, lymphatic tissue, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and numerous chemical mediators

Inflammatory Response

the local reaction of the body to invasion or injury. Any insult to the body that injures cells or tissues sets in to action a series of events and chemical reactions

Vaccines

are immunizations containing weakened or altered protein antigens that stimulate formation of antibodies against specific disease. • made from chemically inactivated microorganism or from live, weakened viruses or bacteria.

Immunostimulants

Agents that stimulates the immune system

Immunosuppresants

Are used in conjunction with corticosteroids, which block the inflammatory reaction and decrease the initial damage to cells • They are beneficial in cases or organ transplantation and in the treatment of autoimmune disease