I. Human Population Growth and Its Impacts

Population

A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area and interbreeding.

Demography

The statistical study of human populations, including size, density, distribution, and vital statistics.

Demographic Transition

The shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.

Population Density

The number of individuals per unit area or volume.

Mortality Rate (Crude Death Rate)

The number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population per year.

Sex Ratio

The proportion of males to females in a population.

Fecundity

The potential reproductive capacity of an individual or population.

Migration

The movement of individuals from one area to another.

Morbidity

The occurrence of disease and illness in a population.

Crude Birth Rate

The number of live births per 1,000 individuals in a population per year.