American Revolution, Founding Fathers, and 19th Century Political Movements

Thomas Paine

Wrote Common Sense, The American Reason. He was very notable for the fact that he championed the American Revolution.

Samuel Adams

Fiery patriot, led Boston Tea Party, opposed British Taxation, Sons of Liberty.

Thomas Jefferson

Wrote Declaration of Independence, founded UVA

George Washington

General (continental army) in the American Revolution set the 2 term example for later presidents.

Baron Von Steuben

Transformed the fighting force at valley forge, turned a ragtag fighting force into a professional one.

James Madison

Drafted the US Constitution, Bill of Rights, and led the nation in the War of 1812.

John Marshall

4th Chief Justice, made the Judicial Review, transformed the supreme court.

Tecumseh

Shawnee warrior chief, he led a multi-tribal confederacy to resist American westward expansion.

Henry Clay

Created the american system, the real mediator, wrote the compromise of 1850, American System, 1820 compromise as well.

John Quincy Adams

Founding Father, 6th president, advocated for internal improvements, helped with the Treaty of Ghent and War of 1812.

John C Calhoun

Very, very strong secessionist, led the whole movement, his efforts led to Civil War."can states nullify federal laws"

Andrew Jackson

Very populist president, veto Bank of US, associated with Indian Removal and expanded Presidential power.

Susan B. Anthony

Women's suffrage movement, NWSA, abolitionist, temperance.

Margaret Fuller

Leading figure in the transcendentalist movement, women's intellectual equality,social reform, journalist.

Dorothea Dix

Advocate for mentally ill help, study of mentally ill, superintendent of the Army of Nurses, mental and physical health.

Henry Thoreau

Transcendentalist movement, abolitionist, resist against laws, Simple Living.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Leader of women's rights advocacy, helped with Seneca Falls convention.

Ralph W. Emerson

Founded the transcendentalist movement, spiritual awakening, self

Zachary Taylor

12th president of the US, fought in the Mexican American War, opposed expansion of slavery in territories gained from the Mexican American War, his presidency was characterized by the growing conflict on slavery.

James K Polk

Manifest Destiny, gained Mexican Cession, Oregon Territory, Texas, important in the Mexican American War, president of the US.

John Brown

Fiery abolitionist, fought in Bleeding Kansas.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Uncle Tom's Cabin, anti-slavery novel, women's suffrage advocate.

Stephen Douglas

Illinois Senator, popular sovereignty and Kansas Nebraska Act.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederacy during the Civil War, secessionist leader, also fought in Mexican American War.

Abraham Lincoln

16th president, Emancipation Proclamation, ended Civil War.

Robert E. Lee

Confederacy's general, aggressive, led all the way to the surrender at Appomattox Courthouse.

George McClellan

General of the Union Army, but was overly cautious so he got fired.

Ulysses S Grant

General of Union Army leading to victory, was also president during the Gilded age, his presidency was defined by corruption in office.

Andrew Johnson

President during reconstruction, but was overly lenient towards the south, leading to way to Black Codes and the 14th amendment being rendered essentially useless in the south.

Thaddeus Stevens

Radical republican, famous reconstructionist, he championed for Black and Civil Rights, wanted equality with Black Americans.

Sitting Bull

Native chief, war leader, resisted westward expansion, participated in the ghost dance movement.

Geronimo

Apache leader, also resisted against westward expansion, symbol of Native American Resistance.

George A. Custer

Controversial U.S. Army officer, rose to be a general, led the Black Hills expedition.

Andrew Carnegie

Steel dude, monopolist, made many libraries.

John D Rockefeller

Standard Oil, known for destroying competition, monopolist.

Ida B Wells

Investigative journalist working with lynching, exposed the horrors of it to America.

Booker T Washington

Tuskegee Institute, wanted Black Americans to learn vocational skills so that they could get equality.

Frances Wilard

WCTU, associated with temperance and wanted prohibition of alcohol.

John Muir

Father of national parks, naturalist, nature preservation.

Jacob Riis

Captured the horror of tenements on camera, was a Danish immigrant.

Jane Adams

Hull House, Nobel Peace Prize, advocated for women's suffrage, wanted to help poor and help immigrants.

Margaret Sanger

Birth control activist, helped with contraception, planned parenthood.

Mary E. Lease

Led the nation in the populist movement, demanded reforms against monopolies, also advocated for women's suffrage.

William J Bryan

Labor reform movement, cross of gold speech, populist leader as well.

Robert La Follete

Progressive movement, wanted workers compensation, railroad regulation, worked in gov of Wisconsin.

Eugene Debs

Led the Pullman strike, worker's rights, social justice, 5x presidential runner.

Theodore Roosevelt

26th president, expanded power of the office, broke down monopolies, Panama Canal, Nobel Peace Prize, national park system, progressive era system, pure food/drug act, imperialist.