Geology lesson 7 Igneous rocks

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/27

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

28 Terms

1
New cards

Magma

is molten rock beneath the earths surface- underground melt.

2
New cards

Water vapor

(h2o) is the most abundant volcanic gas.

3
New cards

Peridotite

is an intrusive ultramafic igneous rock found in the mantle.

4
New cards

geothermal gradient

The is when temperatures in the upper crust increase about 25 degrees C per km.

5
New cards

Obsidian

is an extrusive igneous rock- no crystals.

6
New cards

Lava

is molten rock that has flowed out onto the earths surface.

7
New cards

Earths crust

and mantle are primarily composed of solid rock.

8
New cards

Granite

is an intrusive igneous rock.

9
New cards

Decompression

- melting due to a decrease in pressure.

10
New cards

melt forms

A(n) when solid materials become hot and transform into liquid.

11
New cards

Addition of heat induces

melting if temperature exceeds melting temperature.

12
New cards

Molten rock

is a type of melt.

13
New cards

Igneous rocks

are made by the freezing or crystallization of a melt.

14
New cards

Basaltic magma

heats the crust.

15
New cards

Gases volatiles

give magmas their explosive character.

16
New cards

Lesser amounts of magma

is produced at subduction zones (convergent plate boundaries involving the subduction of oceanic crust)

17
New cards

Igneous rocks

can either form below the surface or on the surface.

18
New cards

Magma

is generated in the uppermost mantle.

19
New cards

Igneous rocks

form through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

20
New cards

magma is molten rock beneath the earths surface

underground melt

21
New cards

obsidian

sharpest thing on the planet

22
New cards

obsidian is an extrusive igneous rock

no crystals

23
New cards

decompression melting

rapid decrease in pressure can cause the mantle to melt, even without an increase temperature (mid ocean ridges, continental rifts, mantle plumes/hot spots

24
New cards

addition of volatiles

volatiles are chemical compounds that lower the melting temperature of the rock (subduction zones)

25
New cards

addition of heat

induces melting if temperature exceeds melting temperature (mantle plumes/hot spots

26
New cards

decompression melting

if the pressure affecting hot mantle rock decreases while the temperature remains unchanged, magma forms

27
New cards

Decompression

melting due to a decrease in pressure

28
New cards

Three environments where decompression melting occurs

mantle plume/hot spot, continental rift, mid-ocean ridge