________ is molten rock beneath the earths surface- underground melt.
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Water vapor
________ (h2o) is the most abundant volcanic gas.
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Peridotite
________ is an intrusive ultramafic igneous rock found in the mantle.
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geothermal gradient
The ________ is when temperatures in the upper crust increase about 25 degrees C per km.
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Obsidian
________ is an extrusive igneous rock- no crystals.
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Lava
________ is molten rock that has flowed out onto the earths surface.
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Earths crust
________ and mantle are primarily composed of solid rock.
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Granite
________ is an intrusive igneous rock.
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Decompression
________- melting due to a decrease in pressure.
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melt forms
A(n) ________ when solid materials become hot and transform into liquid.
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Addition of heat induces
________ melting if temperature exceeds melting temperature.
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Molten rock
________ is a type of melt.
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Igneous rocks
________ are made by the freezing or crystallization of a melt.
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Basaltic magma
________ heats the crust.
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Gases volatiles
________ give magmas their explosive character.
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Lesser amounts of magma
________ is produced at subduction zones (convergent plate boundaries involving the subduction of oceanic crust)
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Igneous rocks
________ can either form below the surface or on the surface.
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Magma
________ is generated in the uppermost mantle.
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Igneous rocks
________ form through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
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magma is molten rock beneath the earths surface
underground melt
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obsidian
sharpest thing on the planet
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obsidian is an extrusive igneous rock
no crystals
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decompression melting
rapid decrease in pressure can cause the mantle to melt, even without an increase temperature (mid ocean ridges, continental rifts, mantle plumes/hot spots
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addition of volatiles
volatiles are chemical compounds that lower the melting temperature of the rock (subduction zones)
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addition of heat
induces melting if temperature exceeds melting temperature (mantle plumes/hot spots
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decompression melting
if the pressure affecting hot mantle rock decreases while the temperature remains unchanged, magma forms
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Decompression
melting due to a decrease in pressure
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Three environments where decompression melting occurs
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