Global History Flashcards

Flashcards for vocabulary review.

Judaism

Founded in Jerusalem in 1000s BCE by Abraham.

Abraham

A shepherd from the city of Ur (located in Mesopotamia).

Covenant

A sacred agreement between Abraham and God.

Canaan

The land Abraham received from God; modern-day Israel.

Monotheism

A religion that believes in one god.

Second Covenant

second agreement between Hebrews & God: Hebrews must follow the 10 Commandments.

Torah

Teachings written by the Hebrews after experiencing the Babylonian Captivity.

Hinduism

Founded in India ca. 1500 BCE after Aryan invasions.

Vedas

Holy text of Hinduism

Polytheistic

Belief in many gods.

Caste System

Rigid social hierarchy within the Hindu religion.

Dharma

Role of your caste in Hinduism.

Karma

Rewarded for doing your dharma in Hinduism.

Reincarnation

Soul reborn into higher caste in Hinduism.

Moksha

End of reincarnation in Hinduism.

Buddhism

Founded by Siddhartha Gautama ca. 480 BCE.

Nirvana

End of reincarnation in Buddhism

Eightfold Path

moral code of conduct for Buddhists.

Qin Dynasty

Founded by Shi Huangdi; despotic and legalistic.

Legalism

Believed the government should create strict laws with clear punishments.

Han Dynasty

Long-lasting dynasty in China that was benevolent and Confucian.

Republic

Representative democracy in Rome.

12 Tables

Roman legal code; basis for later legal codes.

Pax Romana

A time of peace in Rome.

Edict of Milan

Legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire (313 CE).

Byzantine Empire

Eastern half of the Roman Empire; preserved Greco-Roman culture.

Justinian's Code

Laws of the Byzantine Empire based on 12 Tables and other Roman laws.

Great Schism

Split of the Christian church into Roman Catholic & Eastern Orthodox in 1054.

Islam

Founded in 600s CE by Muhammad in Mecca.

Umayyads

First dynasty to rule the Islamic Empire.

Abbasids

Overthrew Umayyads, create stable, effective govt, prosperous economy; Islamic Golden Age.

Islamic Achievements

calligraphy, algebra, medical encyclopedias, optics

Qu'ran

Holy book of Islam

5 Pillars of Islam

Faith, Prayer, Fasting (Ramadan), Charity, Hajj (Pilgrimage)

West African Kingdoms

Mansa Musa & Mali
Empire -> spread Islam in Africa

Sui Dynasty

Reunited China after 350 year period of disunity; short and harsh (like Qin)

Tang & Song Dynasties

Stable govt, civil service system revived, agricultural boom; China's Golden Age

Pax Mongolia

Peace and prosperity during the Mongol Empire.

Seppuku

ritual suicide

Shintoism

traditional Japanese religion, all things in nature have spirit or “kami”

Renaissance

rebirth of greek & roman (classical) knowledge

95 Thesis

arguments against corruption and beliefs of the Catholic Church