primary and secondary structure of proteins

what charge do the hydrogen atoms in the N-H groups have?

a small positive charge

what are the four different levels of protein structure

what is the first level of protein structure called?

the primary structure

what is the primary structure?

the specific order of amino acids in a polypeptide

what does the primary structure help determine in a protein?

helps determine the final 3 dimensional shape of the protein molecule

what is the shape of a protein critical for?

its function

what happens when the shape of a protein is incorrectly changed?

it prevents the protein from carrying out its function effectively

what is the primary structure of the polypeptide deterrmined by?

it is determined by the dna sequence of the gene which encodes that polypeptide

what charge do the oxygen atoms in the C=O groups have?

a small negative charge

when the oxygen and hydrogen atoms attract, what is formed?

hydrogen bonds form between amino acids along the polypeptide chain

what do the hydrogen bonds formed cause the polypeptide to d?

causes the polypeptide to twist and fold into shapes called the secondary structure

2 examples of the secondary structure?

alpha helix, beta pleated sheets