Magnetism and Electromagnetics

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33 Terms

1
What materials can magnets attract?
Magnets can attract iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt.
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2
What are the two poles of a magnet?
North pole and South pole.
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3
What happens when like poles of a magnet are brought together?
Like poles repel each other.
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4
What is the Law of Magnetism?
Unlike poles attract, and like poles repel.
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5
What do magnetic fields represent?
The region around a magnet where a magnetic force is exerted.
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6
What do magnetic field lines indicate?
The direction of the force on another north pole at that point.
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7
How does the strength of a magnetic field change with distance from the magnet?
The strength weakens as the distance increases.
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8
What tool can be used to plot magnetic fields?
A plotting compass.
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9
What is a permanent magnet?
A magnet that creates its own magnetic field without needing an external source.
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10
What is an induced magnet?
A magnet that becomes magnetic when placed in a magnetic field.
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11
How can magnetic materials be magnetized?
By stroking with a magnet or leaving it near a magnet.
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12
What shape does the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire take?
Circular magnetic field.
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13
What does the Corkscrew Rule describe?
It helps determine the direction of the magnetic field based on current direction.
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14
What defines a solenoid?
A coil of insulated wire that produces a magnetic field.
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15
How can the strength of a solenoid's magnetic field be increased?
By increasing current, number of turns, or adding an iron core.
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16
What happens to the magnetic field inside a solenoid compared to a bar magnet?
It is stronger and more uniform.
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17
What is an electromagnet?
A solenoid with an iron core that becomes magnetized when current flows.
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18
What is one advantage of electromagnets?
They can be turned on and off by controlling the current.
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19
What is the Motor Effect?
The phenomenon where a current-carrying wire experiences a force in a magnetic field.
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20
How can the strength of the force on the wire be increased?
By increasing magnetic flux density, current, or the length of the conductor.
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21
What does Fleming's Left-Hand Rule help determine?
The direction of the force, magnetic field, and current in a wire.
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22
What is induced potential difference?
A potential difference induced when a conductor moves relative to a magnetic field.
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23
What is the purpose of a generator?
To generate electricity through electromagnetic induction.
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24
What is the difference between an AC generator and a DC generator?
AC generators produce alternating current, while DC generators produce direct current.
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25
How do microphones utilize the generator effect?
They convert sound waves into electrical signals by inducing potential difference.
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26
What are the two types of transformers?
Step-up transformers and Step-down transformers.
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27
What does a step-up transformer do?
Increases voltage and decreases current.
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28
What is the National Grid?
A network of cables and transformers that distributes electricity.
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29
Why is electricity transmitted at high voltages in the National Grid?
To reduce energy loss due to heating in the cables.
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30
What is the transformer equation?
Vr/Vs = Nr/Ns, where V = voltage and N = number of turns.
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31
What type of current flows through a solenoid in an electromagnet?
Direct current (DC) to create a magnetic field.
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32
What is the shape of magnetic fields around a solenoid?
Similar to that of a bar magnet.
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33
What induces current in a generator as the coil rotates?
Cutting through magnetic field lines.
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