kems3 2.3

J Dalton 1807

Solid sphere

JJ Thomson 1897

plum pudding

E Rutherford 1911

nuclear model

N Bohr 1913

planetary model

E Schrodinger 1926

quantum model; used wave-particle duality of the electron

electron cloud

electrons are found in the

3rd region

electrons have a high probability of being found in what orbital

quantum numbers

location description of an electron

Principal Quantum Number n

row number in periodic table; electron can absorb or emit energy when jumping levels

Angular Momentun QN l

describes orbital shape; values from 0 to (n-1)

magnetic QN ml

orbital orientation in space; values 2l + 1

spin QN ms

_ of electron; ±½; represented as arrows; only two electrons per orbital with opposite spins

Hund's rule

upward arrows first when filling orbitals

s orbital

spherical shaped

p orbital

dumbbell shaped

d orbital

clover shaped

f orbital

flower shaped

value of s

0

value of p

1

value of d

2

value of f

3

orbitals of s

1

orbitals of p

3

orbitals of d

5

orbitals of f

7