EMT - Chapter 1

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12 Terms

1
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EMS (Emergency Medical Services)

  • Dispatch

  • EMR

  • EMT-B (Basic)

  • EMT-A (Advanced)

  • EMT-P (Paramedic)

2
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EMR

  • basic life support

  • AED

  • tourniquet application

  • ABCs

  • abdominal thrusts

3
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EMT-B (Basic)

  • interfacility transport (IFT) 3-6 months

  • all responsibilities of EMR

4
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EMT-A (Advanced)

  • all responsibilities of the EMT-B

  • IV/IO

  • medication administration

5
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EMT-P (Paramedic)

  • 1:1 ratio of paramedic to EMT

  • IO/IV

  • needle cricoid

  • interpreting EKGs

  • cardiac monitoring

6
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EMS Components

  1. comprehensive, quality, convenient care

  2. evidence-based clinical care → e.g. 30 compression : 2 respirations

  3. efficient, well-rounded care

  4. preventative care

  5. comprehensive and easily accessible patient records

7
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NREMT

EMT School → NREMT Psychomotor Exam → NREMT Cognitive Exam → NREMT Certification

  • Cognitive Exam → 3 attempts, pass with 70%

  • NREMT Certification → Renewed every 2 years (refresher courses)

8
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Medical Director

  • physician that oversees EMS system in each locality

  • can expand and restrict scope of practice

  • creates protocols

  • sets the standard for training and patient care

  • responsible for maintaining quality control

9
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Medical Control

  • contacted to challenge scope of practice & affirm administration of medication

    • EMT-B = 8 medications

    • dosage and reason for administration must be stated to be approved

  • Offline → standing orders, protocols, policies from protocol book

  • Online → involves calling medical control (obtaining permission over phone)

10
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Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

Goal = minimizing errors → plan-do-study-act cycle

  • reviews and performs audits of the EMS system to identify areas of improvement and/or assign remedial training

  • PCRs regarding major issues (cardiac/respiratory arrest) are periodically reviewed

11
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Patient Care Report (PCR)

  • legal documents

  • everything must be documented appropriately using facts not opinions

12
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BSI vs PPE

  • important aspects of scene safety

  • standard precautions → encompass BSI and PPE

  • BSI is a type of PPE

    • BSI → body, substance, isolation (gloves, gowns, masks)

    • PPE → personal protective equipment (reflective gear)