DEV PSY birth to infancy

Sensorimotor adaptation

The process by which infants use sensory experiences to understand the world

Motor development

The process of learning to control and coordinate voluntary muscle movements

Forming secure attachments to caregivers

A key characteristic of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stage of trust versus mistrust

Avoiding the caregiver and showing little distress upon separation

A characteristic of insecure-avoidant attachment

Crawling across the floor

Example of a gross motor skill

Physical, cognitive, emotional

Primary areas of development in infancy

Emotional development

Aspect of development that involves the ability to recognize and respond to emotions in oneself and others

6-9 months

At what age do infants typically begin to understand cause-and-effect relationships?

Moro reflex

Which reflex is characterized by the infant extending their arms and legs in response to sudden movements or noises?

Object permanence

What is the term used to describe an infant's ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen

5-6 months

Age when infants typically begin to recognize their own name

Rapid weight gain

Common indicator of physical growth in infancy

To protect the infant from falling

Primary function of the reflex known as the Moro reflex

What does the term "cephalocaudal development" refer to?

Development from the head downward

What is the term for the early, instinctual responses that infants have to environmental stimuli?

Reflexes

Which theory suggests that infants are born with an innate ability to understand language?

Nativist theory

What is the purpose of the Apgar score given immediately after birth?

To measure the infant's initial physical condition

Which nutritional component is essential for brain development in infants?

Iron

Frequently waking and taking short naps

An infant’s typical sleep pattern

Breast milk

The primary source of nutrition for an infant during the first six months of life