Olfaction and Gustation

Olfaction consists of what two sensory systems?

-Main Olfactory System

-Vomeronasal System

When a dog sniffs, air is brought in through the central nasal cavity and purged through the...

Nasal Slits

What serves as the front line of protection in the pathway to humidfy, warm and clean air?

Upper Airway Nasal Cavity

Where are the neuronal cell bodies of the olfactory nerve?

Within olfactory epithelium on the ethmoidal labyrinth and nasal septum

What structure do the neuronal cell bodies of the olfactory nerve pass through in order to get to the olfactory bulb?

Cribriform plate

What nerve innervates the nasal mucosa and skin of the nose?

Ophthalmic branch of CN V

What are the three cell types located in the olfactory epithelium?

-Olfactory Sensory Neurons

-Supporting Cells

-Basal Cells

Olfactory sensory neurons are...

Bipolar

1 multiple choice option

Basal cells of the olfactory epithelium participate in what process?

Neurogenesis

Olfactory epithelium is lined with what type of epithelium?

Psuedostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

T/F: The olfactory cortex is required to pass through the thalamus to reach the frontal cortex.

False

1 multiple choice option

What is the simplified olfactory pathway?

Olf. Sensory Neuron -> Olf. Bulb -> Olf. Tract -> Olf. Cortex -> +/- Thalamus -> Higher Cortical Area

The vomeronasal system is important in...

Pheromone Detection

The vomeronasal system opens directly into the...

Nasal Cavity

The vomeronasal system projects axons to the...

Accessory Olfactory Bulb

T/F: Vomeronasal neurons have microvilli.

True

1 multiple choice option

What is the simplified vomeronasal pathway?

VN neurons -> Accessory Olfactory Bulb -> Medial/Anterior Amygdala

The vomeronasal organ is connected to the nasal and oral cavity via the...

Nasopalatine ducts

What 3 papillae of the tongue are involved in taste?

-Circumvallate

-Foliate

-Fungiform

What are the major taste categories?

-Salt

-Sweet

-Bitter

-Sour

-Umami

What are the specialized epithelial cells found inside the taste buds on the papillae?

Gustatory receptors

What cranial nerves play a role in tongue sensation?

-VII

-IX

-X

Gustatory receptors transmit information to cranial nerves VII, IX, and X through the thalamus and will ultimately reach the...

Gustatory Cortex