Biology Chapter 3 Study Questions

Basic unit of life

A cell

What tool do scientists commonly use to view cells?

Microscope

Type of microscope uses light to view specimens

Optical microscope

Type of microscope provides higher magnification using electron beams

Electron microscope

Stain used to highlight cell structures under a light microscope

Hematoxylin and eosin stain

Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryoic cells regarding nuclei?

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus

Type of cell that lacks membrane bound organelles

Prokaryotic cells

Type of cell containing membrane bound organelles

Eukaryotic cell

The outer boundary of all cells

Plasma membrane

Structure that controls what enters and leaves a cell

Nucleus

Structure that contains the genetic material of eukaryotic cells

Nucleus

Organelle responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells

Mitochondria

Function of ribosomes

Responsible for protein synthesis

Where are ribosomes found in a cell

Attached to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane/cytoplasmic side

Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins

Golgi apparatus

Function of the ER

Modify proteins and synthesize lipids

Type of ER has ribosomes attached

Rough

Type of ER lacks ribosomes

Smooth

Function of lysosomes

Breaks down proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and even worn out organelles

Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells

Chloroplasts

What organelle provides structural support in plant cells

Cytoplasm

What are the three structures found in plant cells but not in animal cells

Cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole

Jelly like substance inside cells where organelles are suspended

Cytoplasm