To 238: The Three Corners of Sicily

265

Hiero II of Syracuse lays siege to the Mamertines, a group of Campanian mercenaries holding Messina in Sicily

264

The consul Appius Claudius Caudex invests Messina in support of the Mamertines

264–241

First Punic War

260s

Under Nicomedes I Bithynia achieves independence from the Seleucids

263

Under Eumenes I Pergamum achieves independence from the Seleucids

262

Roman siege of Agrigentum

261

Battle of Mylae

259–253

Second Syrian War between Ptolemy II and Antiochus II

255, 253, 249

Major shipwrecks of the Roman fleet around Sicily

250s

Under Ariarathes III Cappadocia achieves independence from the Seleucids

246

Deaths of Ptolemy II and Antiochus II

246–241

Third Syrian War between Ptolemy III and Laodike, widow of Antiochus II and mother of Seleucus II and Antiochus Hierax

241

Battle of the Aegates Islands

240–238

War between Carthage and its mercenaries

240s

Latin renderings of Greek drama and epic poetry in Rome by Livius Andronicus

238

Roman annexation of Sardinia