CHEM+1160+Exam+2+Study+Guide+S25

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12 Terms

1
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Molarity

A measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution.

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Dilution

The process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, typically by adding more solvent.

3
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Solute-Solvent Interaction

The interaction between solute particles and solvent particles that affects solubility and solution formation.

4
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ΔH

The change in enthalpy, which can signify whether a process is endothermic or exothermic.

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Entropy

A measure of disorder or randomness in a system, which plays a key role in the spontaneity of dissolution.

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Arrhenius Acid

A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution.

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Bronsted-Lowry Acid

A proton donor in a chemical reaction.

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Lewis Acid

A substance that can accept an electron pair to form a covalent bond.

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Conjugate Acid

The species formed when a Bronsted-Lowry base accepts a proton.

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Conjugate Base

The species formed when a Bronsted-Lowry acid donates a proton.

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Nucleophile

A Lewis base; a species that donates an electron pair.

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Electrophile

A Lewis acid; a species that accepts an electron pair.