Basics: Electron Configuration

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4 Terms

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Electron configuration

describes how electrons are arranged in an atom’s atomic orbitals, following the Aufbau principle, which fills orbitals from lowest to highest energy.

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Aufbau Principle

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first.
(Order: 1s → 2s → 2p → 3s → 3p → 4s → 3d → 4p → 5s …)

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Pauli Exclusion Principle

No two electrons in an atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers; each orbital holds max 2 electrons with opposite spins.

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Hund’s Rule

Electrons occupy orbitals singly first (parallel spins), then pair up.