Laboratory Tests

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45 Terms

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WBC
White blood cell count
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White Blood Cell Count purpose
Used to assess infection
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RBC
Red blood cell count
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Red Blood Cell Count details
Men have highest range; children have lowest; used to diagnose anemia
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Anemia
Low iron
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CBC
Complete blood count
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Complete Blood Count includes
WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count
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PTT
Partial thromboplastin time
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Partial Thromboplastin Time definition
Time it takes for blood to form a clot
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PTT uses
Diagnose clotting disorders; thrombi/emboli risk; evaluate effect of blood thinners
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Thrombi
Clot attached to vessel wall
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Emboli
Clot floating in bloodstream
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Renal function labs
BUN, Creatinine (CREAT), GFR
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BUN
Blood urea nitrogen
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Blood Urea Nitrogen function
Measures amount of cellular waste product (urea) in blood
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BUN normal range adults
7–18 mg/dl
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BUN normal range older adults (>60)
8–20 mg/dl
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CREAT
Serum creatinine
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Serum Creatinine function
Measures byproduct of glucose metabolism (creatinine phosphate) in blood
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Serum Creatinine normal range adults
0.6–1.3 mg/dl
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GFR
Glomerular filtration rate
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Glomerular Filtration Rate function
Measures efficiency of kidney filtration
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GFR normal range
Above 60%
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What determines filtration percentage?
Serum creatinine, age, body size, blood volume
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GFR accuracy
GFR is the most accurate blood test for kidney failure
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Chronic Kidney Disease definition
Progressive loss of renal function over months or years
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Risk factors for chronic kidney disease
Diabetes; high blood pressure; family history of renal disease; older age
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CKD Stage 1
Kidney damage with normal kidney function
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CKD Stage 2
Kidney damage with mild loss of kidney function
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CKD Stage 3a
Mild to moderate loss of kidney function
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CKD Stage 3b
Moderate to severe loss of kidney function
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CKD Stage 4
Severe loss of kidney function
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CKD Stage 5
Kidney failure
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CKD Stage 1 GFR
90 or above
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CKD Stage 2 GFR
89–60
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CKD Stage 3a GFR
59–44
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CKD Stage 3b GFR
44–30
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CKD Stage 4 GFR
29–15
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CKD Stage 5 GFR
Less than 15
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CKD Stages 1–2 contrast dose
Receives full contrast dose
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CKD Stages 3a–3b contrast dose
Receives reduced dose
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Most important step to assure contrast media safety
Thorough patient history
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Where to obtain patient information
Medical record; patient interview including contrast questionnaire; family interview if patient cannot communicate
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Who has final say in contrast administration?
The radiologist
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What to do if you discover a contraindication?
Report it to the radiologist, who makes the final decision