indian philosophy unit one

What are the five yamas in yoga philosophy?

These are ethical restraints in yoga philosophy, ahimsa (non violence), satya (truthfulness), asteya (non stealing), brahmacharya (celibacy or self control) , and aparigraha (non possessiveness)

How do the Upanishads define Brahman?

Brahman is the ultimate, infinite and eternal reality, the source and essence of the universe, transcending all attributes (nirguna brahman) and also with attributes ( saguna brahman)

What are the four pramanas accepted by nyaya school of philosophy

Perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), comparison (upamana), and verbal testimony (shabda)

What are the seven padarthas given by vaiseshika philosophy?

Substance dravya, quality guna , action karma , generality samanya, particularity vishesa , inherence samavya , and non being- non existence (abhava)

On what basis are the Indian schools classified as āstika and nastika

Astika school accept the authority of the vedas, nastika school rejects the Vedic authority.

What is the central principal of mimansa school of Indian philosophy?

It centers on the authority of Vedic rituals and dharma, emphasizing karma (actions) as the means to attain desired results and to uphold cosmic order.

How does sankhya classify prakriti and purusha ?

Sankhya classifies prakriti as thr primal matter (nature) consisting of three gunas, and purusha as pure consciousness or thr individual soul, distinct from prakriti

Name the eight limbs (astanga) of yoga as given by patanjali

Yama, niyama , asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana and samadhi.

What are the six orthodox (astika) school’s of Indian philosophy?

Nyaya, vaiseshika, sankhya, yoga , mimamsa , Vedanta

Define moksha

Moksha is the liberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara), achieved through self realisation or knowledge of the self (atman)