AP Computer Science Principles Vocab Flashcard

Computing Innovation

An innovation that uses a program as a key part of its function.

Pair Programming

When two people share a computer and take turns coding.

Logic Error

Unexpected behavior in a program’s output.

Syntax Error

The code does not work properly because it is typed or written incorrectly.

Run-Time Error

Error occurs while code runs.

Overflow Error

The numbers are too big for the computer.

Iterative Development Process

Develop working prototypes of a program and go back through the cycle to redevelop the program.

Incremental Development Process

Break a problem into small parts and then reassemble the solution when each part is fixed.

Waterfall Development Model

A step-by-step process where each step flows into another.

Bit

Binary digit; what computers store data in.

Byte

8 bits.

Hexadecimal

Used for RGB color codes & uses numbers & letters to represent values.

ASCII Code

Converts text to binary format.

Abstraction

Reduces complexity by only focusing on the most important parts & hiding the irrelevant parts from the user.

Analog Data

Data that is measured continuously & change smoothly.

Digital Data

Measured digitally and leaves out extra data by simplifying the data collected (form of abstraction).

Lossless Compression

Less compression & better file quality

Lossy Compression

More compression & worse file quality

Metadata

Data about data.

Data Mining

Examining very large data sets to find information.

Transforming Data

Editing or modifying data.

Pseudocode

A notation resembling simplified programming code, used in program design.

String Concatenation

Occurs when two strings or more are connected w/ a “+”

Algorithm

Instructions that accomplish a task or solve a problem.

Sequencing

All of the code is executed in the order they are written in.

Expression

A statement that only returns one value. (Evaluated with PEMDAS)

MOD (%)

Gives you the remainder of 2 #’s.

Procedures

Programming instructions that are also called methods or functions.

Parameters

Input variables of a procedure.

Arguments

A call with defined values + attributes.

Sequential Computing

Traditional programming where each program is processed at a time.

Parallel Computing

When program is broken into smaller operations and processed at the same time using multiple processors.

Distributed Computing

Multiple devices communicate together to run a program.

Fault Tolerant

Something can still function even w/ a partial malfunction.

Redundancy

Duplication of things.

Computer Network

Multiple computing devices communicate with each other.

Routing

The process of finding the best path to deliver information.

Digital Divide

Gaps between those who have access to the internet and those who do not.

Intellectual Property

The work that people consider 'theirs'.

Copyright

The person who created something determines who uses their creation.

Creative Commons

Copyright license for creators to give others the ability to use their work.

Open-Sourcing

Work is freely shared, distributed, and modified.

Open Access

Research available to public w/ out restrictions.

Malware

Malicious software that takes control of a system.

Phishing

Tricks ppl into giving their personal information away.

Encryption

Encoding data to prevent others from accessing it.

Symmetric Key Encryption

One key for both encrypting & decrypting.

Public Key Encryption

Public key to encrypt & private key to decrypt.