all power and conflict poems

caesura, enjambment, volta, foreshadowing.

caesura - punctuation throughout the line not at the end

enjambment - line carries on into the next without punctuation

volta - turning point in the poem

form

narrative - tells a story

epic - poem that is about an event (COTLB)

free verse - no set line structure no rules (checking out my history)

sonnet - 14 line poem usually about love (can be love of power)

dramatic monologue - one character, first person, talking - my last dutchess

how to analyse

find language structure and form

essay structure

3 paragraphs - compare in each

ozymandias

once a ruler / pharoah put a statue around his kingdom to show his power. shattered statue, pieces left

nature defeats man / power nothing lasts forever

form: sonnet - loves himself + power

structure: volta “nothing besides remains” - life turns in an instant. + caesura - doesnt carry on - power doesnt carry on

“my name is ozymandias, king of kings” - hyperbole, symbolic, juxtaposition

king of kings = god but he is dead and just remains = juxtaposition

symbolic = idea of a king, worships power, wants the title to appear godlike

hyperbole - exaggeration of his power - king of kings

“shattered visage lies” - adjective shattered - cannot be fixed. his statue and empire was destroyed by nature - time.

context - freud id - worships power - challenges god - leads him to defeat

patriarchy - victim of patriarchy - masculine = power

FORM: SONNET - LOVE HIMSELF + POWER

STRUCTURE - VOLTA + CAESURA “nothing besides remains”

juxtaposition, hyperbole, symbolism, freud id, patriarchy, power of nature

london

form - narrative, tells the other side of the story of london

structure - hapless solider’s sigh ENJAMBMENT

personification - runs in blood

“mind-forged manacles” symbolism + verb - mind created chains people’s brains are being controlled (they think they are free, they are not) “hear” hear the manacles, thinks hes free. he is hearing his own manacles not theirs

“marks of weakness, marks of woe” repetition + adjective of woe / weakness. nobody is safe, everyone is controlled - weak.

“hapless soldiers” - useless soliders. people were not capable. enjambent (line continues, blood continues and pours down the palace)

blood is on the palace attacking the monarchy

H

E

A

R

nobody can hear their cries and screams

context: heart of the british empire - nice place, its NOT

prelude

personifies nature “her”

speaker steals a boat

“troubled pleasure” oxymoron, knows he shouldnt but does anyway

“voice of mountain echoes did my boat move on” -symbol of nature is cheering him on

“proud of his skill” - peak of his power, adrenaline

“a huge peak, black and huge” volta. disturbs his view - downfall

“i struck and struckl again” panic is emphasises REPETITION

“dipped my oars” “trembling oars” juxtaposition

“no familiar shapes remained, no pleasant images of trees………” - PTSD nothing is the same

form: epic - event gets what he deserves nature puts him in his place. dont abuse power nature will clart you

freud id - danger of following desires

my last duchess

“since none puts by the curtain i have drawn for you but i” - enjambment, juxtapiosuition

power over her, but she is dead - plagues his mind - control over him. JUXTAPOSITION

never ending control - power never ends, line never ends - ENJAMBMENT

“too easily impressed she liked whatever she looked on", and her looks went everywhere” “twas all one” she treated everyone the same. duke was not special to her. wife is pervert.

hyperbole - exaggeration shows his jealousy and need for control / dominance

against patriarchy - insecure - not “masculine” - power control

FORM: dramatic monologue, Bias one sided poem

“all smiles stopped together” sibilance sinister, dark feel. caesura - life came to an unexpected end

charge of the light brigade

army misheard the order

form: epic - event of the charge of the light brigade

“into the valley of death” - foreshadowing + symbolism + propaganda - no thought, no deliberation. soldiers had to charge to their death. you are a hero if you die in battle

“theirs not to.. theirs not to.,. theirs but to do..” - anaphora, + verb. everything is about them but they had no say - their lives are meaningless. life of a solider.

“while horse and hero fell” - volta + juxtaposition. volta they start dying. they arent heroes JUXTAPOSITION - someone made a mistake. the generals. ignores the reality of what happened

exposure

waitinfg for battle to begin - fighting a war against nature not the enemies

“our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive us” personification, sibilance, enjambment. they are thinking - fed so much propaganda they cant think. sibilance of ciless iced east winds - movement of wind - stabbing them - power of nature

“the mad gusts tugging on the wire” “tugging” verb, personification. nature is angry with war. nature is tearing people apart before the real war happens - war is happenning NATURE

“but nothing happens” repetition

“the burying-party, picks and shovels in shaking grasp pause over half-known faces” - juxtaposition. death not from war but from waiting for the war and nature killing them

FORM: narrative poem - tells the untold story of the soldiers

storm on the island

“we are prepared” “it is a huge nothing that we fear” - juxtaposition. clarity → confusion

“we just sit tight while wind dives” volta, verb sit.

“listen tot he thing you fear forgetting that it pummels your house too” - personification, foreshadowing. not realising

FORM: epic - event

bayonet charge

“buillets smacking the belly out of the air” metaphor + onomatopoeia of banging bullets. untrained soldier - not taking cover

“he was running like a man who has jumped up in the dark and runs” - simile. symbolism. “dark” no clue what he is doing. he cant see why he is there medias res.

“king, honour, human dignity, etcetera dropped like luxuries in a yelling alarm” - juxtaposition + volta. drops all of his luxuries (lies) when the alarm goes off. he is free, shackles is off. the man actually wakes up. juxtaposes a solider who fights loyal and for the king.

FORM - narrative explains his realisation

patriarchy + propaganda

remains

idea of regret and ptsd and trauma.

“i see every round as it rips through his life” hyperbole - violent, brutal death, vicious

“hit this looter a dozen times” juxtaposition - exaggerates it then makes it seem meaningless - men hunting an animal (absolute predators)

“sleep, dream, blink” semantic field of rest / peace, volta. he cant sleep anymore - volta - he is mentally affected. loses his lackadaisical attitude

“near to the knuckle here and now his bloody life in my bloody hands” - cyclical structure, repetition of bloody. ahnds are a symbol of his crimes. crime cannot be washed away from his mind. repetition - killing is still fresh in his mind

FORM : NARRATIVE

poppies

son who died in the war mother remembering him. secondary victims of war

“i wanted to graze my nose across the tip of your nose” - symbolism, verb graze. playful, shows love. what she once had - living in the past. innocence of war, war has ruined her life

“i was brave as i walked with you to the front door” flashback - strucutre, adjective brave - associated with soliders but mother had to be brave herself knowing her son might die

“the dove pulled freely against the sky an ornamental stitch” - volta, verb pulled mother has to let go. the dove, the son, is pulling and she forces herself to let go of her sadness and sorrow.

FORM - epic

war photographer

“his hands which did not tremble then though seem to now” juxtapositioin, enjambment. tremble - trembling is involuntary - emotional response - fear, nerves, ptsd. juxtaposition from hands not trembling to trembling change in setting = change in feelings. 3 lines of enjambment - never ending memory, uncontrollable actions. no clear structure - spontaneous actions

“a strangers features faintly start to twist before his eyes” twist verb, foreshadowing, PTSD. dont know who they are - foreshadows eventual downfall - seeing things - PTSD. twist - ghost - haunted by the memories PTSD

“a hundred agonies in black and white” - metaphor, hundred symbolism - agonies - symbol of pain, hardship

“editors will pick out” - his hardship is entertainment for others. juxtaposition. soldiers dying . struggling from people dying. entertainment

FORM - NARRATIVE

tissue

metaphor for life - tissue

human beings are built of tissue - creation of life

poem is a metaphor of how to be a perfect person

“maps too. the sun shines through their borderlines” caesura, symbolism of sun

“fine slips from grocery shops” “might fly our lives like paper kites” simile, verb.

“with living tissue raise a structure never meant to last” - juxtaposition