unit 7 quiz 2

emotion

A mind and body's integrated response to a stimulus of some kind. The complex experience includes the affective aspect of consciousness feeling.

nonverbal communication

communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech. Our face is highly communicative

display rules

a social group or culture's informal norms about how to appropriately express emotions

common sense theory

Theory in which a stimulus leads to an emotion, which then leads to bodily arousal through the autonomic nervous system

James-Lange Theory

emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to events. Our body reacts first, then we experience the emotional feeling

facial feedback hypothesis

The hypothesis that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify. Act of smiling makes you happy

Cannon-Bard Theory

the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses. Our bodies reaction and our emotional feelings happen at the same time

Schachter-Singer two-factor theory

theory that to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and then identify the arousal and then label it as an emotion

polygraph

a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).

Stress

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging

acute stress

A temporary pattern of stressor-activated arousal with a distinct onset and limited duration.

chronic stress

stress associated with long-term problems that are beyond a person's control. May lead to sickness and diseases

Eustress

A positive stress that energizes a person and helps a person reach a goal

distress

extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain. When a person experiences unpleasant and undesirable stressors

catastrophic events

Extreme weather events such as floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes; classified by the extent and intensity of their impact on the human body.

significant life changes (stressor)

personal events; life transitions

minor hassles

Standing in line, traffic jams, noisy environments. Can build up and create stress

General Adaptation Syndrome

Hans Seyle's 3 stage concept that the body responds to stress with alarm, resistance and exhaustion

alarm

the first phase of the stress response, in which the person faces a challenge and starts paying attention to it.

Resistance

As stress continues, the body settles into sympathetic division activity, continuing to release the stress hormones that help the body fight off or resist the stressor

Exaustion

When the body's resources are gone, exhaustion occurs, can lead the formation of stress related ideas

Stressors

specific events or chronic pressures that place demands on a person or threaten the person's well-being

coping strategies

actions that people can take to master, tolerate, reduce, or minimize the effects of stressors

maladaptive strategies

ordinarily fail to remove the stressors or wind up substituting one stressor for another

adaptive strategies

remove stressors or enable us to better tolerate them

locus of control

A belief about the amount of control a person has over situations in their life.

internal locus of control

the perception that you control your own fate. Growth mindset perception

external locus of control

the perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate.

Type A personality

personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious. May be prone to heart problems

Type B personality

Personality characterized by relatively relaxed, patient, easygoing, amicable behavior. Less prone to heart problems

emotion-focused coping

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction

problem-focused coping

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor. Source of the stress is being removed

appraisal focused coping

Attempts to reframe the stressors-changing one's perceptions and assumptions about the stressors. Putting a positive spin on things