Replication, Genomes and Structure of Animal Viruses

virion

an individual viral particle

genome

all the genetic material in a virus

capsid

Hard protein coat around the genome of a virus

Naked Virion

Only has a capsid, no envelope, most stable

Enveloped Virion

Has a membrane from the host around the capsid, more fragile

Recognition

Attachment of the virion to the cell

Entry

Virion gets into the host cell by membrane fusion or endocytosis

Uncoating

Release of the nucleic acid from the capsid

Transcription

Making DNA into RNA or RNA into DNA, may need viral polymerase

Translation

Host cell makes regulatory proteins then virion proteins

Replication

Use viral polymerase to make more genomes for the new viruses

Assembly

Capsids package the viral genomes

Release

Membrane lets the virus out of the host cell by budding or lysis

Budding

The virus pushes it way out of the membrane and takes the membrane with it to get an envelope.

Exocytosis

The virus is surrounded by a vesicle and is carried out to the membrane and released without a membrane.