Chapter 14 study guide

Edwin L. Drake

First person to use steam engine to drill for oil

Entrepreneur

A person who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk for a business venture

Bessemer Process

Techniques used to make steel from iron

Thomas Alva Edison

Inventor of the lightbulb and help create the energy grids

Christopher Sholes

Inventor of the the typewriter

Alexander Graham Bell

Inventor of the telephone

Transcontinental railroads

A railroad that crosses the entire country

Three Groups that built the railroads

Central pacific Rail Road company, Union Pacific, Western pacific railroad company

Opportunist

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George Pullman

Crédit Mobiler

Name of company involved in stealing of railroad money

Munn V. Illinois

Court case that gave government right to regulate private industry

Interstate Commerce Act

Law granting congress authority to regulate railroad activities

Interstate Commerce Commission

Reestablished the right of the federal government to supervise railroad activities

The Grange

Organization fought for famers’ rights

Consolidation

the action of making something stronger or solid

Andrew Carnegie

Scottish immigrant who became a giant in the steel industry

Vertical integration

Process in which a company buys out its suppliers

Horizontal integration

Process in which a companies producing similar products merger

Social Darwinism

Theory that taught only the strong survived

John D. Rockefeller

Head of the standard oil company

Sherman Antitrust Act

Law that outlawed trust

Arbitration

…

Craft Union

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Samuel Gompers

Union leader, Led Makers’ international union to join with other craft union

American Federation of Labor

Named of union led by Gompers

Industrial union

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Eugene V. Debs

Leaders of the American Railway Union

Socialism

a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

Industrial Workers of the World

Union of radicals and socialists nicknamed the Wobblies

Mary Harris Jones

Organized for unwed mine workers

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Fire that started because of left over cloth