Bipolar and Related Disorders, Suicide, Dissociative Disorders, Schizophrenia, and Personality Disorders

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to Bipolar and Related Disorders, Suicide, Dissociative Disorders, Schizophrenia, and Personality Disorders.

Bipolar Disorder

An unstable emotional condition involving cycles of abnormal high moods (mania) and low moods (depression).

Diathesis-Stress Viewpoint

The theory suggesting that stressful life experiences precede both manic and depressive episodes in bipolar disorder.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

A dissociative disorder where two or more distinct identities are present within an individual.

Suicide

Death from injury or suffocation where there is evidence that the injury was self-inflicted and intended to kill oneself.

Completed suicide vs. Suicide attempt vs. Suicidal ideation

Completed suicide refers to actual death; a suicide attempt refers to previous efforts; suicidal ideation refers to thoughts about suicide.

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Emotional and social withdrawal, apathy, and other characteristics suggesting the absence of normal behaviors, motivation, and emotion.

Gender Differences in Suicide

Women are more likely to attempt suicide, whereas men have higher rates of completed suicide.

Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Include difficulty with attention, disorganized speech, and delusions, which are beliefs held despite clear evidence to the contrary.

Concordance Rate

The likelihood that both twins will exhibit the same trait or disorder, particularly relevant in studies of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Psychodynamic Theory of DID

Posits that many individuals with DID have a history of severe childhood abuse or trauma, where DID serves as a psychological defense.

The Big 5 Personality Factors

A model that identifies five core traits of personality, including Negative Emotionality, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness.

Personality Disorder

An enduring pattern of feeling, thinking, and behaving that is stable over time, typically becoming evident in early adulthood.

Warning Signs of Suicide

Discussing intentions to commit suicide, previous attempts, a positive mood following depression, withdrawal from people and activities.

Dissociative Amnesia

The abrupt loss of memories for personal significant information, which can be partial or complete.

Schizophrenia

A psychological disorder characterized by impaired emotional, social, cognitive, and perceptual functioning.

Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia

Concordance rates indicate a higher incidence of schizophrenia in identical twins compared to fraternal twins.