MICROM 460 - Ectoparasites

6 legs

How many legs do insects have?

8

How many legs do arachnides have?

Bed bugs

The Cimex spp. is also know as

lectularius

What is the cosmopolitan beg bug?

hemipterus

What species of Cimex is the tropical associated one?

no

Is the bed bug an effective vector of disease?

Stink glands

What gives beg bugs their unique scent?

self-limiting

Bed bug bites are usually _____ and can be treated with creams/lotion

Myiasis

This is an infection with the larval stage (maggots) of various flies

Dermatobia hominis

The human botfly is ___ ____

Screwworm

What species that causes Myiasis has an old world and W. hemisphere species

larvae

What form of D. hominis enters the human host?

pupa

What form is the human botfly in in soil after leaving a husman host

hooks

Botfly larvae can have ____ to help it stay attached to the human host

Butt, sporacular plates

Where can we look to determine the species of a botfly larvae?

Cerebral myiasis

A rare complication of botfly infection

Screwworm

What is the colloqiual term for Cochliomyia hominovorax?S

viable tissue

Screwworm is known as the “man-eater” because it invades ___ ___.

Veterinary

Screwworm is of particular _____ importance and an eradication effort was lead in 1982 in the US

capitis

Pediculus humanus ____ is head lice

corporis

Pediculus humanus ____ is a body louse

Humans

Head/body lice only occurs in ___ only

Nit

What is the name for the egg of a louse?W

hair follicles

Where do nits attach on human hosts

1-2 days

How long does it take for a louse to die if it is away from the scalp?

find a live nymph or louse

How do we diagnose head/body lice

humanus, capitis

What are the two subspecies of Pediculus humanus

P. humanus humanus

What subspecies of louse can be a vector of other disease?

pubic louse

A crab like, smaller, studier type of louse than head lous

public lice

“crabs” is the colloquial term for ___ ___

thick

Pubic lice are best equipt for ___ human hair

hair follicles

Where are the eggs of pubic louse laid?s

skin to skin

Pubic lice are spread through ____ ___ ____ contact

permethrin

First line dense for head or pubic louse treatment is _____

itch mite

What is the colloquial term for sarcoptes scabiei?

subcorneal

What layers of the skin do Sarcoptes scabiei burrow into?

skin scrappings

What type of sample do you look at to diagnose scabies?

Permethrin

What cream is given to people with scabies

ivermectin

What treatment is given to patients with scabies that are immunocompromised

Round

____ mites are usually not commensal

Ticks

Besides mites ___ are also arachnids

Ixodidae

What is the scientific name for a hard tick?

Argasidae

What is the scientific name for a soft tick?

argasidae

these ticks have a soft body

ixodidae

this tick has a hard body

Hard ticks

What type of ticks can leave the head behind if pulled out incorrectly?

Scutum

this the “shield” or hard protective shell of hard ticks

decoration/decorated

a patterned scutum of a tick is called

brown recluse

This spider is known as the “Hobo spider”

necrosis

Bites by the “Hobo spider” can cause necrosis

Latrodectus bishopi

red widow spider

L. mactans

Black widow spider

Black widow spider

This species of arachnid is known for its claims of sexual cannibalism

female

_____ black widow spider venom is the most potent

male

_____ BWS bites in self defense are ineffective

red hourglass

BWS have a characteristic ___ ___ marking on its back

Black widow bites

______ ______ ______ do not have powerful chelicerae and have lots of swelling at the bite site

fatal

In rare cases, BWS bites can be ____

Antivenom

The treatment for a BWS bite is ____

viable

What type of tissue does the screwworm invade?

New world Screwworm

This sterilization strategy called the Great American Worm Wall was a collaboration that sterilized the males of this species to prevent mating and control disease caused by this organism

Tumbu fly

What is the colloquial name for Cordylobia anthropophaga?

tropical Africa

Where is the Tumbu fly found?

Lucilia sericata

What species of maggot can be used to determine time of death?

spines

Definitive ID of maggots can be made through ___ and spiracular plates

capitis

Pediculus humanus ___ is head lice

corporis

Pediculus humanus _____ is body louse

Humans

Head/body lice is only found in _____

worldwide

Head/body lice are distributed _____ especially in preschool/elementary-age children

1-2 days

Louse die within ____ ____ of being away from the scalp

Finding live nymph or adult louse

How are head/body lice diagnosed?

capitis, humanus

What are the subspecies of Pediculus humanus?

subcorneal

What layers of skin do scabies mites burrow into?

Scabies

Sarcoptes scabiei infection is _____

1-2 months

How long can scabies be asymptomatic before symptom onset?

Scabies

This mite can be a big problem in HIV/AIDS patients

scabies

____ like to be distributed into warm/moist areas (genitals, perianal, axilla) and disseminated and crusty

skin scrappings

what samples are used to diagnose scabies?

permethrin cream, ivermectin

What treatments are common for scabies?

Ixodidae

____ are hard tics

Argasidae

____ are soft tiks

hard

Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Hyalomma, and Ixodes are species of ___ ticks

soft

Rhipicephalus and Ornithodoros are species of ____ ticks

hard ticks

What type of ticks have visible mouthparts and single or multiple hosts

soft

What type of ticks have mainly bird hosts?

Arachnids

What class are ticks? Arachnids or insects?

Dermacentor, Ixodes

What species of ticks can cause tick paralysis?

Acute ascending

What type of tick paralysis can be fatal?

4 days

For tick paralysis to occur, the tick must be attached for how long before symptoms?

removal

Prompt ___ of the enorged tick usually stops paralysis progression and recovery happens within a few days

Alpha Galactose

weeks to months after a tik bite, consuming ___ ___ can cause hives, itching, swelling or anaphylaxis

squirrels, bunnies, deer, cows

What are potential hosts of ticks?

late spring and summer

When is the risk of human infection greatest?

Brown recluse

What spider is known as the hobo spider?

Hobo spider/brown recluse?

What is a common name for Loxosceles reclusa?

brown recluse

What type of spider can cause skin necrosis, kidney failure, hemolysis and shock but is often misdiagnosed?

Black widow

There are many species of this type of spider distributed across the Americas and there are claims of its sexual cannibalism

female

What type of black widow spider has a more potent venom?

Exacerbation, less than 24 hours

What is the first stage of a black widow spider bite called? How long does it last?

Dissipation phase, days

The 2nd stage of black widow spider bites where sx decline, lasting 1-3 ___ post bite