Chemical Tests and Reactions

Flashcards covering chemical tests for cations and anions, including safety notes, procedures, and ionic equations.

Testing for Carbonates

Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the sample of salt and look for fizzing; test gas with limewater to confirm carbon dioxide.

Testing for Sulfates

Add dilute hydrochloric acid and barium chloride solution to the solution; a white precipitate indicates a sulfate.

Testing for Chlorides, Bromides, and Iodides

Add dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution; white precipitate (AgCl) for chloride, cream (AgBr) for bromide.

Test for Copper(II) Ions

Add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Formation of a blue precipitate indicates the presence of copper(II) ions, forming copper(II) hydroxide.

Test for Iron(III) Ions

Add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Formation of an orange-brown precipitate indicates the presence of iron(III) ions, forming iron(III) hydroxide

Test for Iron(II) Ions

Add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Formation of a green precipitate indicates the presence of iron(II) ions, forming iron(II) hydroxide.

Test for Ammonium Ions

React sodium hydroxide solution with ammonium salts to produce ammonia gas. Visual example