Module 15: Drugs Acting on the Respiratory System (Part II)

Intranasal glucocorticoids

These drugs are effective in treating allergic rhinitis because of their anti-inflammatory action.

False

True or False: Intranasal glucocorticoids are suitable for long-term use.

Epistaxis

What is the most common side effect when using intranasal glucocorticoids?

Antitussives

This classification of drugs is indicated for non-productive and irritating cough by suppressing the cough reflex.

Levodropropizine

What is an example of an antitussive that is used to treat cough in both adults and children as well as acute and chronic bronchitis?

True

True or False: Sore throats may increase cough reflex stimulation.

True

True or False: Antitussives can also be given to postoperative patients.

Codeine

What opioid drug is used for mild to moderate pain and can be addictive when used for a long time?

Homatropine

What opioid drug is classified as an anticholinergic drug that acts as an antagonist on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors?

Hycodan

What drug is combined with hydrocodone that provides symptomatic relief of cough?

Vicodin

What drug is a combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen and is used for pain?

Benzonatate

What is an example of a non-opioid antitussive drug?

Guaifenesin

What is the most common available expectorant?

Expectorants

These drugs are given to patients with productive cough to loosen and reduce the viscosity of bronchial secretions for easier elimination through coughing.

Sympathomimetics

What drug classification increased CAMP, causing dilation of the bronchioles?

Epinephrine

What drug is indicated for acute bronchospasm caused by anaphylaxis from an allergic reaction?

Albuterol (Salbutamol)

What beta 2 selective adrenergic drug promotes bronchodilation with a long duration of action?

Terbutaline sulfate (Bricanyl)

What beta 2 selective drug is used in the reversal of bronchospasm and is indicated for patients aged 12 and up?

Tiotropium

What anticholinergic drug is used in the maintenance treatment of bronchospasms associated with COPD, which may have side effects such as oral ulcerations, sinusitis, and dry mouth?

Ipratropium bromide

What anticholinergic drug is used in combination with albuterol to treat asthmatic conditions by dilating the bronchioles?

True

True or False: Ipratropium bromide is not indicated for acute attacks.

Peanut or soybean allergy

What should be assessed before administering ipratropium bromide?

Methylxanthine derivatives

What is the second major group of bronchodilators used to treat asthma that also causes diuresis?

Phenytoin

What drug, when taken with theophylline, causes a decrease in theophylline levels?

Theophylline

What drug is used to relax the smooth muscles of the bronchioles by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, increasing CAMP?

Leukotrienes

What chemicals are released by the body when in contact with an allergen, responsible for bronchoconstriction?

LT Modifiers

These drugs are indicated for exercise-induced asthma and are effective in reducing inflammatory symptoms from asthma triggered by allergic and environmental stimuli.

Glucocorticoids

This drug classification is indicated if asthma is unresponsive to bronchodilator therapy or those who are already at maximum theophylline.

Cromolyn

These drugs are used for the prophylactic treatment of bronchial asthma and have no bronchodilation effect. However, these drugs inhibit histamine release.

Mucolytics

These drugs act as detergents to liquefy and loosen thick, tenacious mucus secretions for easier expectoration.

Acetylcysteine

What mucolytic is an antidote for acetaminophen toxicity and is characterized by a rotten egg-like odor?

True

True or False: Acetylcysteine may be dissolved in soda to minimize the risk of vomiting.

Sympathomimetic amines

This type of nasal decongestant stimulates responses to produce nasal mucosa capillary vasconstriction.

Systemic decongestants

They prevent fluid from draining from blood vessels into the tissues lining nasal passages, thereby producing local vasoconstriction and decreased blood flow.

Codeine, Homatropine, and Hydrocodone

What are the three examples of opioid antitussives?

Expectorants and antihistamines

What can be combined with antitussives?

Potassium iodide

It refers to an expectorant used for patients with chronic breathing problems.

12

Inhalations should not exceed __ for 24 hours.

8

Sprays should not exceed __ per nostril for 24 hours.

Dizziness, hypotension, and bradycardia

Rapid administration of Theophylline may result in what s/sx?

Prednisone and Dexamethasone

What drugs are considered systemic glucocorticoids indicated for moderate to sever asthma exacerbation?

Post-nasal drip, nose and throat irritation, and coughs

What are the common side effects of Cromolyn?

5 minutes

How many minutes prior to mucolytics should bronchodilators be administered?