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Vibrio cholerae
Which of the following is NOT considered a gram-negative enteric bacillus?
2
Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is divided into how many epidemic serotypes?
Parahaemolyticus
Which of the following is NOT a serotype of Vibrio cholerae O1?
Positive (+)
What is the primary distinguishing feature of El tor biotype in the Voges-Proskauer test?
El tor
Which biotype of Vibrio cholerae is resistant to Polymyxin B?
Comma
What shape does Vibrio cholerae exhibit?
Increases adenylate cyclase activity
What is the major function of the cholera toxin (choleragen)?
A & C
What antigenic components are present in the Inaba serotype?
10M bacilli (10⁶ – 10¹¹ CFU)
What is the infectious dose of Vibrio cholerae?
Contaminated water and food
What is the main mode of transmission for Vibrio cholerae?
Rice-water stool
What type of stool is characteristic of cholera?
Gastroenteritis
What condition is commonly caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
Tellurite Taurocholate Gelatin Agar (TTGA)
Which medium is preferred for the culture of Vibrio cholerae?
Humans
What is the primary reservoir of Vibrio cholerae?
It causes rapidly progressive wound infections
What is a major characteristic of Vibrio vulnificus?
Green colonies
Which feature differentiates Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Vibrio cholerae on TCBS agar?
4-30 hours
What is the incubation period of Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
Urease
What is the major virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori that helps it survive in the stomach?
Urease breath test
Which diagnostic test is commonly used to detect Helicobacter pylori?
Skirrow’s medium
Which medium is best for isolating Campylobacter species?
Bloody diarrhea
Which of the following is a common symptom of Campylobacter jejuni infection?
42°C
What is the optimal growth temperature for Campylobacter jejuni?
Campylobacter grows at 42°C
What distinguishes Campylobacter jejuni from Helicobacter pylori?
Skin infection
Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of Helicobacter pylori infection?
Lophotrichous flagella
Which of the following is a characteristic of Helicobacter pylori?
It is a common cause of diarrhea
Which of the following statements is true about Campylobacter jejuni?
C. jejuni causes diarrhea, while C. intestinalis causes bacteremia
What is the major difference between Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter intestinalis?
Oxidase test
Which test is used to differentiate Vibrio species from other gram-negative bacilli?
Comma-shaped
Which of the following is a key characteristic of Vibrio species?
Intravenous fluids and electrolytes
What is the primary treatment for cholera?
Note 
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