Untitled Flashcards Set

Simple Epithelia

Most concerned with diffusion, osmosis, absorption, secretion, and filtration; usually very thin.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Single layer of thin, flat cells resting on basement membrane; functions in filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and secretion.

Goblet Cells

Cells that produce lubricating mucus, may be found in simple columnar epithelium.

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Appears stratified due to varying nuclear levels; functions in secretion and movement of mucus.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Consists of squamous cells at surface and cuboidal/columnar cells near the basement membrane; primarily serves protective functions.

Transitional Epithelium

Modified stratified squamous epithelium capable of stretching; lines organs in the urinary system.

Glandular Epithelium

Composed of one or more cells that make and secrete a product, such as hormones or other secretions.

Endocrine Glands

Ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that secrete substances through ducts to the epithelial surface.

Connective Tissue Characteristics

Variations in blood supply, presence of nerve supply, consists of cells and extracellular matrix.

Fibroblasts

Immature connective tissue cells that secrete fibers and ground substance of the matrix.

Adipocytes

Store triglycerides and create a ring-like appearance in tissues.

Collagen Fibers

Very strong fibers made of collagen, providing strength and resisting pulling forces.

Loose Connective Tissue

Characterized by fewer fibers, is widely distributed, and acts as a universal 'glue' in the body.

Cartilage

Type of connective tissue that provides support and flexibility; includes hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic types.

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

Specialized to contract, produce movement, maintain posture, stabilize joints, and generate heat.

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary muscle attached to skeleton; characterized by long, striated, multinucleate fibers.

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle found only in the heart; characterized by branched fibers and intercalated disks.

Neurons

Nervous cells that receive stimuli and conduct electrochemical impulses.

Mucous Membrane

Lines body cavities that open directly to the exterior, providing lubrication and absorption.

Serous Membrane

Lines cavities that do not open to the exterior and cover organs within those cavities.

Inflammation

Generalized responses to injury that attempt to prevent further injury.

Regeneration

Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells.

Fibrosis

Repair by scar tissue when normal tissue architecture is disrupted.