exercise 32- veins and special circulations

the blood from the brain flows into the _____ ______ veins

internal jugular

the ____ veins take blood from the bones and muscles of the neck and travels through the transverse foramina of the ______

vertebral, vertebrae

the vertebral veins take blood to the ____ veins, which in turn flow to the ________ veins

subclavian veins, brachiocephalic veins

the _______ vein is formed by the union of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein

brachiocephalic

the superficial regions of the posterior head (muscle and skin of the scalp and face) are drained by the ____ _____ vein

external jugular vein

the left and right brachiocephalic veins take blood to the

superior vena cava

the fingers are drained by the small ____ veins

digital

the digital veins lead to the ____ ____ veins

palmar arch

what are the two major superficial veins of the upper limbs

basilic and cephalic veins

where are the basilic veins

anterior medial side of the forearms

where are the cephalic veins

anterior lateral side of the forearms

there are many anastomoses between the cephalic and basilic veins, but the most important is the

median cubital vein

why is the median cubital vein so important

normal site for blood withdrawal

what is the name of the two deep veins in the forearms

ulnar and radial

what are the deep veins of the upper arm

brachial veins

the brachial veins are formed by the union of the ___ and ___ veins

ulnar and radial

the brachial veins merge superiorly with the ___ vein and form the ___ _____ vein

basilic, short axillary

the short axillary vein connects with the ___ vein to form the subclavian vein

cephalic

the drainage of the upper limbs starts from the left and right ____ veins, which lead to the _______ veins, which take the blood into the heart via the____ ___ ___

subclavian, brachiocephalic, and superior vena cava

what is the names of the foot veins in order from toes to ankle area

digital veins, then plantar venous arch and dorsal venous arch

where does the dorsal venous arch take the blood (3 veins)

anterior tibial vein, great saphenous vein, and small saphenous vein

where does the plantar venous arch take the blood (2 veins)

small saphenous vein and the posterior tibial vein

the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite at the knee to form the

popliteal vein

the popliteal vein joins with the small saphenous vein to make the ____ vein

femoral

what is the longest vessel in the body

great saphenous vein

this vessel runs through the ankle to the proximal thigh

great saphenous vein

what are the three veins in the thigh

femoral vein, great saphenous vein, and deep femoral vein

the great saphenous vein joins with the femoral vein and passes under the ___ ligament. this turns the femoral vein into the _____ _____ vein

inguinal, external iliac

the external iliac joins with the internal iliac vein, and they form the ____ ____ vein

common iliac

the common iliac veins unite and form the ____ ____ ____

inferior vena cava

the veins that flow into the liver before returning the heart are part of the ____ ____ ____

hepatic portal system

in portal systems, the blood flows between ___ ____

capillary beds

in the hepatic portal system, blood from the capillaries of major digestive organs (and the spleen), travels to capillaries of the _____

liver

the inferior mesenteric vein drains the distal part of the large intestine and empties into the _____ vein

splenic

the gastroomental vein joins with the ____ ____ vein which drains the small intestine

superior mesenteric vein

the ____ vein joins with the superior mesenteric vein to make the ____ ____ vein

splenic, hepatic portal

this vein takes the blood to the capillaries of the liver, where the blood is cleaned by macrophages and nutrients are stored

hepatic portal

the liver receives the blood from the digestive organs and processes it before sending it to through the ____ veins to the _____ _____ ____ toward the heart

hepatic, inferior vena cava

the abdominal veins that take blood directly to the superior vena cava are the ____ (3)

renal, suprarenal, and lumbar veins

the ____ ____ vein takes blood directly to the inferior vena cava

right gonadal

the ___ ___ vein takes blood to the renal vein before flowing into the inferior vena cava

left gonadal

what are the three major veins of the thoracic cavity

intercostal veins, interazygos and hemiazygos vein

what does the intercostal veins drain

drain intercostal muscles

what does the hemi and azygos veins drain

thoracic region

in utero, oxygen and nutrients move from the maternal side of the ____ to the fetal bloodstream

placenta

before birth, blood is shunted from the lungs by a passageway called the _____ _____ that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch

ductus arteriosus

where blood is shunted from the right atrium to the left

fossa ovalis

oxygenated blood from the placenta bypasses the liver and flows into the inferior vena cava by the _____ _____

ductus venosus

the umbilical vein located in the umbilical cord carries oxygenated blood from the ____ and into the heart

placenta

the placenta receives blood from the ____ arteries

umbilical

maternal blood (nutrient ____) mixes with fetal blood (nutrient ___) so fetus gets a mix

rich, poor