Chemistry Unit 1: Heat, Sig Dig, Metrics, elements, Compounds and Mixtures

An ____is the smallest unit of matter.

atom

Atoms are made of smaller parts called __ particles.

subatomic

Protons are __ charged and found in the nucleus.

positively

_____determine the atomic number of an atom.

Protons

Electrons are __ charged and found around the nucleus.

negatively

Neutrons are __ charged and determine the isotope of an atom.

neutrally

An element is a pure substance containing __ kind of atom.

one

An element cannot be separated into simpler materials except during __ reactions.

nuclear

There are over __ existing elements on the periodic table.

100

Compounds contain two or more kinds of atoms in __ ratios.

fixed

Compounds cannot be separated by __ means.

physical

Separating a compound requires a __ reaction.

chemical

The properties of a compound are usually __ than the properties of the elements it contains.

different

Mixtures are two or more elements or compounds __ combined.

not chemically

Mixtures can be uniform (homogeneous) and are known as __ in a liquid state.

solutions

Mixtures can also be __ (heterogeneous).

non-uniform

Mixtures can be separated into their components by __ means.

chemical

Spinning to separate by mass is called __.

centrifugation

Evaporating the liquid to leave solid compounds is called __.

crystallization

Evaporating and condensing a liquid is called __.

distillation

Separation by size through a differential medium is called __.

filtration

Separation of solutes by mass, polarity, charge, or shape is called __.

chromatography

The properties of a mixture are similar to the properties of its __.

components

An __ is a solution of metal.

alloy

Negatively charged ions are called __.

anions

Atoms having the same number of protons but different amounts of __ are referred to as isotopes.

neutrons

A molecule is a substance made up of two __ joined together covalently.

non-metals

A pure substance that cannot be split into simpler substances by chemical means is known as an __.

element

Cations are __ charged ions.

positively

A homogeneous mixture in water is commonly known as a __.

solution

An ion is an atom that has or electrons.

lost; gained

Protons and neutrons make up the relative __ of an element.

atomic mass

The two pure substances are and .

elements; compounds