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nitrogen fixation
is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into a form usable by living organisms, such as ammonia or nitrate, often facilitated by certain bacteria in the soil.
Assimilation
is the process in the nitrogen cycle where plants and other organisms take up nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and nitrate from the soil to develop proteins.
Amonificaiton
is the process by which microorganisms decompose organic matter, converting nitrogen within it into ammonium.
Nitrification
is the process that converts ammonium into nitrites and then into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria
denitrification
is the process of converting nitrates back into nitrogen gas, returning it to the atmosphere, and completing the nitrogen cycle.