Lecture Notes Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing lecture notes.

World Development Indicators (WDI)

A data set supported by the World Bank that contains many different time series for different countries.

Current Health Expenditures Per Capita

The amount of money spent on healthcare per person, expressed in US dollars.

CSV (Comma Separated Values)

A file format commonly used for storing data in a table-like structure.

Wide Format

A type of data format where data for each variable is spread across multiple columns.

Long Format

A type of data format where each variable is in a single column.

String command

Changes integer variable to a string variable.

Date command

Assigning a date format to number variables.

Merge

Combining two datasets based on common variables.

Population

The set of all possible observations.

Sample

A subset or a smaller group selected from a population.

Population Parameter

A numerical value that describes a characteristic of a population.

Random Variable (X)

A variable whose value is a numerical outcome of a random phenomenon.

Population Mean (μ)

The average value of a variable in the population.

Expected Value of X

A weighted average where the weights are the probabilities of each value.

Sample Mean (X̄)

The mean calculated from the observations in a sample.

Population Standard Deviation (σ)

The square root of the population variance.

Census

A survey conducted on the entire population.

Property of the Sample Mean

Mean of the sample means is equal to the population mean.

Sampling Distribution

Deviations of individual means of the sample are equal to the population average.

Central Limit Theorem

As the sample size increases, the distribution of sample means approaches normal distribution, regardless of the population's distribution.

Computer Coin Toss

A tool that makes the computer toss a coin by doing calculations.

Scalar Command

A command used to assign a value to a single number that can be used repeatedly.

Loops in Stata

Used to repeat a block of code multiple times.