✍️ NARRATIVE THERAPY

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Key Concepts, Core Techniques, Exam-Style Language, Exam-Style Scenarios, Comparisons, Memorization Anchors

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45 Terms

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Narrative Therapy
A postmodern approach that views problems as separate from people and emphasizes rewriting personal stories.
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Founders
Michael White and David Epston.
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Core Assumption
Problems are socially constructed through language and stories.
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View of Problems
The problem is the problem; the person is not the problem.
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Therapy Goal
Help clients re-author preferred life stories.
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Focus of Therapy
Meaning, language, and personal narratives.
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Therapy Style
Collaborative, curious, and non-pathologizing.
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Time Orientation
Past, present, and future through storytelling.
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Social Constructionism
Reality is shaped by language and social interaction.
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Dominant Story
Problem-saturated narrative limiting identity.
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Alternative Story
Preferred narrative highlighting strengths and values.
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Deconstruction
Breaking down oppressive beliefs and assumptions.
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Externalization
Separating the problem from the person.
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Unique Outcomes
Exceptions that contradict the dominant story.
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Re-Authoring
Creating new meaning and identity.
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Power & Discourse
Examines how culture and systems shape problems.
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Externalizing Conversations
Naming the problem as separate from the client.
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Mapping the Influence
Exploring how the problem affects life and relationships.
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Mapping the Influence of the Person
Exploring how client affects the problem.
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Identifying Unique Outcomes
Finding times the problem had less power.
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Thickening the Story
Adding detail to preferred narratives.
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Letter Writing
Therapeutic letters reinforcing new narratives.
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Re-Membering
Reconnecting clients with supportive relationships.
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Definitional Ceremonies
Witnessing and validating new stories.
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Externalizing Language
“When anxiety shows up, what does it tell you?”
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Non-Pathologizing
Avoids diagnosis-centered identity.
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Collaborative Stance
Therapist as co-author, not expert.
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Curiosity
Therapist asks exploratory questions.
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Strength-Based
Highlights resilience and values.
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Scenario: “Therapist refers to depression as separate from client.”
Externalization.
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Scenario: “Therapist explores cultural messages shaping beliefs.”
Deconstruction.
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Scenario: “Therapist highlights exception to problem story.”
Unique outcome.
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Scenario: “Therapist helps client rewrite identity.”
Re-authoring.
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Scenario: “Therapist avoids diagnosis-focused labels.”
Narrative stance.
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Scenario: “Therapist uses letter summarizing progress.”
Narrative intervention.
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Scenario: “Therapist invites others to witness change.”
Definitional ceremony.
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Narrative vs. SFBT
Narrative changes identity stories; SFBT builds solutions.
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Narrative vs. CBT
Narrative focuses on meaning; CBT focuses on cognition.
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Narrative vs. EFT
Narrative emphasizes language; EFT emphasizes emotion.
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Narrative vs. Structural
Narrative avoids hierarchy and restructuring.
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Person ≠ Problem
Separate identity from issue.
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Story = Reality
Language shapes experience.
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Externalize = Name It
Give the problem a name.
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Unique = Exception
Find cracks in the story.
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Re-author = Rewrite
Build new identity.