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Respiration and Excretion
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Biology
Anatomy
6th
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32 Terms
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1
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respiration
the process where oxygen and glucose undergo chemical reactions inside cells
2
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cilia
tiny hairlike extensions that move in a sweeping motion, found in the nose
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lungs
the main organs of the respiratory system
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pharynx
the throat
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trachea
the windpipe
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diaphragm
a large muscle under the lungs which expands and contracts, which helps with breathing
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bronchi
passages that direct air into the lungs
8
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larynx
voice box
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vocal chords
folds of tissue stretched across the larynx that produce your voice
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alveoli
tiny sacs of lung tissue where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
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respiratory system functions
moves oxygen in and carbon dioxide and water out of the body
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path of air
nose, pharynx, trachea, lungs (bronchi, alveoli)
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gas exchange
in the alveoli, when carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
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tar
a black, sticky substance from tobacco
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carbon monoxide
a gas that binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells, where the oxygen should go
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bronchitis
an irritation of breathing passages, which makes them too narrow
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nicotine
an addictive stimulant drug that increases blood pressure and heart rate
18
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emphysema
a disease that destroys lung tissue and lung function
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addiction
a physical and/or psychological dependence
20
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lung cancer
when cells make tumors in the lungs
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atherosclerosis
build up of fatty materials on blood vessels
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passive smoking
when you inhale smoke from other people’s cigarettes
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excretion
the removal of wastes from the body
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kidneys
the major organs of the excretory system, which remove waste
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urea
a chemical that comes from the breakdown of proteins
26
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nephrons
tiny flitering structures in the kidneys that remove wastes
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urethra
a small tube that lets urine leave your body
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urine
a fluid that contains fluid and other wastes
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bladder
a sac that stores urine
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ureters
two narrow tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder
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skin
excretes sweat
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liver
breaks down proteins
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