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The growth of _________ encouraged the development of cities such as _____
overland trade and commerce; Changan
The layout of cities reflects ____ developments of the 8th century time period to promote ______
government building infrastructure; economic activity
Variety of temples in Chang’an was most likely the result of ______ from 600 CE to 1450 CE
diffusion of cultural traditions along Silk Roads
The _____ brough trade from the coast to the ____
Grand Canal; interior
Inventions
crossbow, gunpowder, junks
Post-Classical Chinese dynasties did not invent
paper
China demands tribute to
maintain superiority
Civilizations that gave tribute to China recieved the benefit of
gaining products and increasing trade
Bureaucracy was important for these dynasties because it was
efficient
This person accepted and promoted Buddhism
Empress Wu
This person was against Buddhism and promoted ______
Emperor Wuzong; confucianism
The early ____ dynasty liked _____
Tang; Buddhism
The late _____ dynasty liked ____
Tang; Confucianism
Zhu Xi founded ________
Neo Confucianism
Neo Confucianism decreased _____ rights
womens
Women during Neo Confucianism started a process called
foot binding
Following Chinese Values
Sinification
Trading products in China’s post-classical dynasties
silk, champa rice, tea, porcelain
Big cities increased ____ and became centers of _____
exports; manufacturing
Why was the construction of the Grand Canal considered necessary
Connect the coastal regions with the western frontier
The Tang and Song are thought of as the _____ Age of China because it was a period of _________
Golden; economic wealth, peasant prosperity, and political stability
Bureaucracy during the Song dynasty made managing the empire more _____ but also very _____
efficient; expensive
Chinese Buddhism was based on _____ while Confucianism teaches ______
equality; hierarchy
Buddhism ____ the late-Tang persecution but ______ official political support
survived; without
Neo-confucianism did not encourage ____ to foreign culture because it believed in ______
openness; isolationism
States around China had to acknowledge China’s _____ by _____ but remained ______
superiority; tribute; independent
Some societies in ______ were matrilineal and ____ were not as restricted as they were in China
Sub-Saharan Africa; women
Chinese maritime innovations included
Magnetic compass and Junks
Term for the process of adopting features of Chinese cultural influence
SInification
Identify tributary states of Tang China
Korea and Japan
What empire conquered the Abbasid Caliphate in 1258 CE and Song China in 1279 CE
Mongols
What is a Chinese innovation that facilitated commercial activity in the Tang-Song period
Flying Money
Chinese dynasties in chronological order
Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang Song, Yuan, Ming Qing, Republic, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping
The Sui dynasty collapsed because
expensive building projects, conscript labor failors, military defeats
Emperor Wendi reformed the Sui Dynasty with _______ and a _____ government
alliances, intrigue and warfare; centralized
Emperor Yangdi reformed the Sui Dynasty with ________ reform
legal and educational
Emperor _____ built the Grand Canal
Yangdi
Buddhism grew in the early Tang dynasty because it provided
refugee from war
Commoners appealed to ____ buddhism
Mahayan
Nobles and wealthy people appealed to ____ buddhism tha focused on ____
Zen; meditation
Empress Wu tried to make ___ the state religion and sponsored the building of the _____
Buddhism; Patron of Buddhism
Buddhism began to decline in the late Tang Dynasty because _______
Confucians and Daoists felt threatened
Neo Confucianism is a _____ philosophy that blends __________________
syncretized; Confucian, Buddhist, Daoist
Song gave ______ responsibilities for armies
bureaucrats
_____ was used for effective bureaucracy vs aristocracy
Scholar gentry
Most bureaucrats were still from _____
nobility
_____ organized the grand state rituals, supervised protocolary matters, carried out the state examinations and supervised state schools
The Ministry of Rites
The ____ dynasty had a bad relationship with northern nomadic people because they only
Song; united the south
These agriculture technologies contributed to the population boom during the Tang-Song period
iron plow, ox-collar, wheelbarrow
An _____ field system was used and ______ was the main product during the Tang-Song
equal; Champa rice
The Tang government collapsed because the emperor lost _______, focused more on his _____ and many ________ began
interest in government; lover; open revolts
_____ had the greatest degree of sinification from China
Korea
_____ had the greatest resistance to sinification from China
Vietnam
China, Korea and Japan are in
East Asia
Vietnam is in
Southeast Asia
Traditional Japan believed in
Animism and Shintoism
Traditional/early Japan had a _____ government
bureaucratic
____ erodes centralized power
Feudalism
____ and _____ caused the Taika Reforms or early sinification to be canceled
Aristocratic families; Buddhists
Japan successfully sinified these ideas from China
Buddhism, emperor, written language and architecture
Life in the imperial court of Heian was
superficial and elaborate
The first novel ever written was _______ by ________
The Tale of Genji; Murasaki Shikibu
______ were the people most in charge for poetry and painting
aristocratic women
The japanese emperor had _____ power rather than ____ power
religious; political
The Shintoists believed the emperor was
god like
Due to Japan’s failure to adopt a Chinese-style _______ with a _____ military force, Japan adopted a ____ similar to Western Europe’s
bureaucracy; single; feudal system
List the Japanese feudal system in order of the most to least power
Emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasant
_____ was exchanged for ____ in the feudal system
Land/shoen; military service
What is Bakufu
Japan’s military government ran by shoguns
The two feudal bakufus/shogunates are
Kamakura & Ashikaga
A shogun holds ______ and rules in the name of the ______
the most power; emperor
Samurais served with
fidelity, virility, politeness and simplicity
Bushido is
samurai code of honor
How was bushido more severe than chivalry
Samurais would participate in seppuku to preserve honor
The Japanese government remained ______ until 1600 CE when the ________ was established
decentralized; Tokugawa Shogunate
The japanese feudal system wasn’t abolished until
1868 CE
The japanese emperor never gained true
political power
____ was a successful independent government that was also a tributary state of Tang China
Silla
Examples of sinification in Korea:
buddhism, writing, confucian ideas, examination system
The examination system in Korea was only open to
Nobles
Examples of sinification in Vietnam
Buddhism, Silk Trade, Civil Service Exam
Unlike China, Vietnam viewed ______ equal, ____ influenced landlords, and _____ was rejected
women; peasants; confucianism
Note
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