Ch 12 & 13

The growth of _________ encouraged the development of cities such as _____

overland trade and commerce; Changan

The layout of cities reflects ____ developments of the 8th century time period to promote ______

government building infrastructure; economic activity

Variety of temples in Chang’an was most likely the result of ______ from 600 CE to 1450 CE

diffusion of cultural traditions along Silk Roads

The _____ brough trade from the coast to the ____

Grand Canal; interior

Inventions

crossbow, gunpowder, junks

Post-Classical Chinese dynasties did not invent

paper

China demands tribute to

maintain superiority

Civilizations that gave tribute to China recieved the benefit of

gaining products and increasing trade

Bureaucracy was important for these dynasties because it was

efficient

This person accepted and promoted Buddhism

Empress Wu

This person was against Buddhism and promoted ______

Emperor Wuzong; confucianism

The early ____ dynasty liked _____

Tang; Buddhism

The late _____ dynasty liked ____

Tang; Confucianism

Zhu Xi founded ________

Neo Confucianism

Neo Confucianism decreased _____ rights

womens

Women during Neo Confucianism started a process called

foot binding

Following Chinese Values

Sinification

Trading products in China’s post-classical dynasties

silk, champa rice, tea, porcelain

Big cities increased ____ and became centers of _____

exports; manufacturing

Why was the construction of the Grand Canal considered necessary

Connect the coastal regions with the western frontier

The Tang and Song are thought of as the _____ Age of China because it was a period of _________

Golden; economic wealth, peasant prosperity, and political stability

Bureaucracy during the Song dynasty made managing the empire more _____ but also very _____

efficient; expensive

Chinese Buddhism was based on _____ while Confucianism teaches ______

equality; hierarchy

Buddhism ____ the late-Tang persecution but ______ official political support

survived; without

Neo-confucianism did not encourage ____ to foreign culture because it believed in ______

openness; isolationism

States around China had to acknowledge China’s _____ by _____ but remained ______

superiority; tribute; independent

Some societies in ______ were matrilineal and ____ were not as restricted as they were in China

Sub-Saharan Africa; women

Chinese maritime innovations included

Magnetic compass and Junks

Term for the process of adopting features of Chinese cultural influence

SInification

Identify tributary states of Tang China

Korea and Japan

What empire conquered the Abbasid Caliphate in 1258 CE and Song China in 1279 CE

Mongols

What is a Chinese innovation that facilitated commercial activity in the Tang-Song period

Flying Money

Chinese dynasties in chronological order

Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang Song, Yuan, Ming Qing, Republic, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping

The Sui dynasty collapsed because

expensive building projects, conscript labor failors, military defeats

Emperor Wendi reformed the Sui Dynasty with _______ and a _____ government

alliances, intrigue and warfare; centralized

Emperor Yangdi reformed the Sui Dynasty with ________ reform

legal and educational

Emperor _____ built the Grand Canal

Yangdi

Buddhism grew in the early Tang dynasty because it provided

refugee from war

Commoners appealed to ____ buddhism

Mahayan

Nobles and wealthy people appealed to ____ buddhism tha focused on ____

Zen; meditation

Empress Wu tried to make ___ the state religion and sponsored the building of the _____

Buddhism; Patron of Buddhism

Buddhism began to decline in the late Tang Dynasty because _______

Confucians and Daoists felt threatened

Neo Confucianism is a _____ philosophy that blends __________________

syncretized; Confucian, Buddhist, Daoist

Song gave ______ responsibilities for armies

bureaucrats

_____ was used for effective bureaucracy vs aristocracy

Scholar gentry

Most bureaucrats were still from _____

nobility

_____ organized the grand state rituals, supervised protocolary matters, carried out the state examinations and supervised state schools

The Ministry of Rites

The ____ dynasty had a bad relationship with northern nomadic people because they only

Song; united the south

These agriculture technologies contributed to the population boom during the Tang-Song period

iron plow, ox-collar, wheelbarrow

An _____ field system was used and ______ was the main product during the Tang-Song

equal; Champa rice

The Tang government collapsed because the emperor lost _______, focused more on his _____ and many ________ began

interest in government; lover; open revolts

_____ had the greatest degree of sinification from China

Korea

_____ had the greatest resistance to sinification from China

Vietnam

China, Korea and Japan are in

East Asia

Vietnam is in

Southeast Asia

Traditional Japan believed in

Animism and Shintoism

Traditional/early Japan had a _____ government

bureaucratic

____ erodes centralized power

Feudalism

____ and _____ caused the Taika Reforms or early sinification to be canceled

Aristocratic families; Buddhists

Japan successfully sinified these ideas from China

Buddhism, emperor, written language and architecture

Life in the imperial court of Heian was

superficial and elaborate

The first novel ever written was _______ by ________

The Tale of Genji; Murasaki Shikibu

______ were the people most in charge for poetry and painting

aristocratic women

The japanese emperor had _____ power rather than ____ power

religious; political

The Shintoists believed the emperor was

god like

Due to Japan’s failure to adopt a Chinese-style _______ with a _____ military force, Japan adopted a ____ similar to Western Europe’s

bureaucracy; single; feudal system

List the Japanese feudal system in order of the most to least power

Emperor, shogun, daimyo, samurai, peasant

_____ was exchanged for ____ in the feudal system

Land/shoen; military service

What is Bakufu

Japan’s military government ran by shoguns

The two feudal bakufus/shogunates are

Kamakura & Ashikaga

A shogun holds ______ and rules in the name of the ______

the most power; emperor

Samurais served with

fidelity, virility, politeness and simplicity

Bushido is

samurai code of honor

How was bushido more severe than chivalry

Samurais would participate in seppuku to preserve honor

The Japanese government remained ______ until 1600 CE when the ________ was established

decentralized; Tokugawa Shogunate

The japanese feudal system wasn’t abolished until

1868 CE

The japanese emperor never gained true

political power

____ was a successful independent government that was also a tributary state of Tang China

Silla

Examples of sinification in Korea:

buddhism, writing, confucian ideas, examination system

The examination system in Korea was only open to

Nobles

Examples of sinification in Vietnam

Buddhism, Silk Trade, Civil Service Exam

Unlike China, Vietnam viewed ______ equal, ____ influenced landlords, and _____ was rejected

women; peasants; confucianism