DNA Replication Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing DNA replication concepts.

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

S phase

In what cellular compartment does DNA replication happen?

Nucleus

In what direction does DNA grow?

5' to 3'

What causes leading and lagging strands during DNA replication?

Antiparallel sugar phosphate backbone

Which enzyme unwinds DNA?

DNA Helicase

Which enzyme adds RNA primers during DNA replication?

Primase

What is the role of DNA Polymerase?

Elongates DNA in the 5' to 3' direction and proofreads for mistakes.

What is the function of DNA Ligase?

Glues Okazaki fragments together

What are Okazaki fragments?

Short DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand during DNA replication

Why does the lagging strand grow in the 'wrong' direction?

Because it synthesizes DNA in the 3' to 5' direction

What kind of cells do not have a true nucleus?

Cells without a true nucleus have no membrane bound organelles or histone proteins

What is the nucleoid region?

Region in the cytoplasm