________ marked the beginning of the cell theory- the theory that all living things are composed of cells.
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Genomics
________ is the study of all of an organ- isms genes, scientists are able to classify bacteria and fungi according to their genetic relationships with other bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.
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Rudolf Virchow
In 1858 ________ challenged the case for spontaneous generation with the concept of biogenesis, hypothesizing that living cells arise only from preexisting living cells.
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Algae
________ (singular: ________) are photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and both sexual and asexual repro- ductive forms.
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Chemicals
________ produced naturally by bacteria and fungi that act against other microorganisms are called antibiotics.
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1995
First detected in ________, Ebola virus disease causes fever, hemorrhaging, and blood clotting in vessels.
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vaccination
The protection from disease provided by ________ (or by recovery from the disease itself) is called immunity.
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genetic material
Because their ________ is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane, bacterial cells are called prokaryotes.
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Chemotherapeutic agents
________ prepared from chemicals in the laboratory are called synthetic drugs.
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Protozoa
________ (singular: protozoan) are unicellular eukaryotic microbes.
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Fungi
________ are eukaryotes, organisms whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cells genetic material (DNA), surrounded by a special envelope called the nuclear membrane.
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Microbes
________ that live stably in and on the human body are called the human microbiome, or microbiota.
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Recombinant DNA
________ (rDNA) technology inserts ________ into bac- teria (or other microbes) to make large quantities of a desired protein.
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Microbial ecology
________, the study of the relationship between microorganisms and their environment, originated with the work of these scientists.
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infectious disease
A(n) ________ is a disease in which pathogens invade a susceptible host, such as a human or an animal.
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Parasitology
________ is the study of protozoa and parasitic worms.
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Bacteria
________ (singular: ________) are relatively simple, single- celled (unicellular) organisms.
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Golden Age of Microbiology
The study of viruses, virology, originated during the First ________.
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Animal parasites
________ are eukaryotes.
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Bacteria (singular
bacterium) are relatively simple, single-celled (unicellular) organisms
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Protozoa (singular
protozoan) are unicellular eukaryotic microbes
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Until the second half of the nineteenth century, many scientists and philosophers believed that some forms of life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter; they called this hypo
thetical process spontaneous generation
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Mycology, the study of fungi, includes medical, agricul
tural, and ecological branches
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Genomics is the study of all of an organ
isms genes, scientists are able to classify bacteria and fungi according to their genetic relationships with other bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
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25
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology inserts recombinant DNA into bac
teria (or other microbes) to make large quantities of a desired protein
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26
Avian influenza A (H5N1), or bird flu, caught the atten
tion of the public in 2003, when it killed millions of poultry and 24 people in southeast Asia
Studied by 7 people
