Cardiovascular Examination Overview for NPTE

Cardiac Output

Volume of blood pumped by heart per minute.

Rate Product Pressure

Myocardial O2 demand calculated as HR x BP.

Mean Arterial Pressure

Average blood pressure in a patient's arteries.

Six-Minute Walk Test

Assessment of aerobic capacity over six minutes.

Systolic Blood Pressure

Pressure during heart's contraction phase.

Diastolic Blood Pressure

Pressure during heart's relaxation phase.

VO2 Max

Maximum oxygen uptake during intense exercise.

Beta-blockers

Medications that reduce heart rate and contractility.

Hypertensive Crisis

Severe high blood pressure requiring immediate intervention.

Aquatic Therapy

Rehabilitation method using water for therapeutic effects.

Cardiac Rehabilitation

Program to improve cardiovascular health post-surgery.

Acclimatization

Physiological adjustment to high altitude conditions.

Heart Sounds

Audible noises from heart valves during cardiac cycle.

Auscultation

Listening to internal sounds of the body.

Myocardial Oxygen Demand

Oxygen required by heart muscle during activity.

Shortness of Breath

Difficulty in breathing, often during exertion.

Functional Activities

Daily tasks requiring physical movement and effort.

Exercise Tolerance Test

Assessment of patient's ability to perform physical activity.

Prolonged PR Interval

Delay in electrical conduction through heart's atria.

Cardiovascular Responses

Body's adjustments to maintain function during exercise.

Stroke Volume

Amount of blood pumped by heart per beat.

Respiratory Rate

Number of breaths taken per minute.

BMI

Body Mass Index; measure of body fat.

Heart Rate

Number of heartbeats per minute.

Vital Capacity

Maximum amount of air exhaled after deep breath.

Work of Breathing

Effort required to inhale and exhale air.

Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid in tissues.

Cardiac Auscultation

Listening to heart sounds to assess function.

S1 Sound

Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves.

S2 Sound

Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves.

Ventricular Filling

Phase when ventricles fill with blood.

Atrial Contraction

Phase when atria contract to push blood into ventricles.